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Étienne Pivert de Senancour

Deleatur yhe — Fri, 16 Oct 2026 07:27:01 GMT

Life

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	Senancour was born in [[Paris]], the only child of first cousins Claude-Laurent and Marie-Catherine Pivert. His father, a ''contrôleur alternatif des Rentes de l’Hôtel de Ville'',{{refn\|group=lower-alpha\|An official whose job it was to check the validity of interest payments. The position also conferred upon him the title of ''[[conseiller du roi]].''}} having purchased the office in 1774, added “de Senancour” to his surname. His parents shared a deep devotion to [[Catholicism]], but came to regret their marriage and instead both wished for the life of the [[cloister]], a calling they hoped their son might follow instead. Senancour’s mother provided her son with a [[Jansenist]] education, before sending him to the [[University of Paris\|Collège de la Marche]]. His father was emotionally distant, while by contrast his mother was frequently fussy and overly attentive; the result was a melancholy childhood filled with boredom and solitude. The family was quite wealthy, and lived on the [[Rue Saint-Denis]], near [[Saint-Sépulcre]], the Church of the Holy Sepulchre.<ref name=":0" /><ref>Michel Orcel, "Rêveries d’un corps dans les Alpes (Senancour)" (Éditions Belin: ''Po&sie'' 2006/2 N° 116), 124.</ref><ref>[https://essentiels.bnf.fr/fr/article/e3f412b0-45d5-46db-bab2-c3707185e4dd-etienne-senancour-melancolique-et-preromantique "Étienne de Senancour, mélancolique et préromantique"] at BnF Essentiels.</ref><ref>Jean-Marc Vasseur. “Étienne Pivert de Senancour dans le Valois.” ''Revue d’Histoire Littéraire de La France'' 115, no. 1 (2015): 169–89. <nowiki>http://www.jstor.org/stable/24722107</nowiki>.</ref>		Senancour was born in [[Paris]], the only child of first cousins Claude-Laurent and Marie-Catherine Pivert. His father, a ''contrôleur alternatif des Rentes de l’Hôtel de Ville'',{{refn\|group=lower-alpha\|An official whose job it was to check the validity of interest payments. The position also conferred upon him the title of ''[[conseiller du roi]].''}} having purchased the office in 1774, added “de Senancour” to his surname. His parents shared a deep devotion to [[Catholicism]], but came to regret their marriage and instead both wished for the life of the [[cloister]], a calling they hoped their son might follow instead. Senancour’s mother provided her son with a [[Jansenist]] education, before sending him to the [[University of Paris\|Collège de la Marche]]. His father was emotionally distant, while by contrast his mother was frequently fussy and overly attentive; the result was a melancholy childhood filled with boredom and solitude. The family was quite wealthy, and lived on the [[Rue Saint-Denis]], near [[Saint-Sépulcre]], the Church of the Holy Sepulchre.<ref name=":0" /><ref>Michel Orcel, "Rêveries d’un corps dans les Alpes (Senancour)" (Éditions Belin: ''Po&sie'' 2006/2 N° 116), 124.</ref><ref>[https://essentiels.bnf.fr/fr/article/e3f412b0-45d5-46db-bab2-c3707185e4dd-etienne-senancour-melancolique-et-preromantique "Étienne de Senancour, mélancolique et préromantique"] at BnF Essentiels.</ref><ref>Jean-Marc Vasseur. “Étienne Pivert de Senancour dans le Valois.” ''Revue d’Histoire Littéraire de La France'' 115, no. 1 (2015): 169–89. <nowiki>http://www.jstor.org/stable/24722107</nowiki>.</ref>

	Senancour ~~spent~~ four unhappy years at the Collège de la Marche, where he felt out of place and withdrew further into himself. When he was not at school or at home, he studied with a [[curé]] who lived in the vicinity of [[Ermenonville]] or [[Senlis]]. This would prove to be an important turning point in his life: it was here that Senancour discovered his love of nature, of solitude, and the philosophy of [[Jean-Jacques Rousseau\|Rousseau]]. His father wanted him to enter the seminary of [[Saint-Sulpice (Paris)\|Saint-Sulpice]] to become a [[priest]]. To avoid a profession for which he had no vocation, Senancour, with the help of his mother, fled to Switzerland in 1789. On 11 September 1790, he married Marie-Françoise Daguet with whom he had two children: a daughter [[Eulalie de Senancour\|Eulalie]] (1791) who would later follow in her father's footsteps and become a writer, and a son, Florian-Julien (1793), who went on to pursue a career in the military. The marriage was not a happy one; his wife refused to accompany him to the Alpine solitude he desired, and they settled in [[Fribourg]].<ref name=":0" />		In 1785, Senancour began four unhappy years at the Collège de la Marche, where he felt out of place and withdrew further into himself. When he was not at school or at home, he studied with a [[curé]] who lived in the vicinity of [[Ermenonville]] or [[Senlis]]. This would prove to be an important turning point in his life: it was here that Senancour discovered his love of nature, of solitude, and the philosophy of [[Jean-Jacques Rousseau\|Rousseau]]. His father wanted him to enter the seminary of [[Saint-Sulpice (Paris)\|Saint-Sulpice]] to become a [[priest]]. To avoid a profession for which he had no vocation, Senancour, with the help of his mother, fled to Switzerland in 1789. On 11 September 1790, he married Marie-Françoise Daguet with whom he had two children: a daughter [[Eulalie de Senancour\|Eulalie]] (1791) who would later follow in her father's footsteps and become a writer, and a son, Florian-Julien (1793), who went on to pursue a career in the military. The marriage was not a happy one; his wife refused to accompany him to the Alpine solitude he desired, and they settled in [[Fribourg]].<ref name=":0" />

	His absence from France at the outbreak of the [[French Revolution\|Revolution]] was interpreted as hostility to the new government, and his name was included in the list of [[émigrés]]. He visited France from time to time by stealth, but he only succeeded in saving the remnants of a considerable fortune. In 1799 he published in Paris his ''[[Rêveries sur la nature primitive de l'homme]]'', a book containing impassioned descriptive passages which mark him out as a precursor of the [[romantic movement]]. His parents and his wife died before the close of the century, and Senancour was in Paris in 1801 when he began ''Obermann'', which was finished in Switzerland two years later, and printed in 1804. This singular book, which has never lost its popularity with a limited class of readers, was followed in the next year by a treatise ''[[De l'amour (1806 book)\|De l'amour]]'', in which he attacked the accepted social conventions. During this period, he worked at the magazine ''[[Mercure de France]]'' where he made the acquaintance of [[Louis-Sébastien Mercier]] and [[Charles Nodier]].		His absence from France at the outbreak of the [[French Revolution\|Revolution]] was interpreted as hostility to the new government, and his name was included in the list of [[émigrés]]. He visited France from time to time by stealth, but he only succeeded in saving the remnants of a considerable fortune. In 1799 he published in Paris his ''[[Rêveries sur la nature primitive de l'homme]]'', a book containing impassioned descriptive passages which mark him out as a precursor of the [[romantic movement]]. His parents and his wife died before the close of the century, and Senancour was in Paris in 1801 when he began ''Obermann'', which was finished in Switzerland two years later, and printed in 1804. This singular book, which has never lost its popularity with a limited class of readers, was followed in the next year by a treatise ''[[De l'amour (1806 book)\|De l'amour]]'', in which he attacked the accepted social conventions. During this period, he worked at the magazine ''[[Mercure de France]]'' where he made the acquaintance of [[Louis-Sébastien Mercier]] and [[Charles Nodier]].

Jean Grenier

Deleatur yhe — Fri, 16 Oct 2026 07:05:31 GMT

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	{{Short description\|French philosopher and writer (1898–1971)}}		{{Short description\|French philosopher and writer (1898–1971)}}
	~~{{about\|\|the French botanist and naturalist\|Jean Charles Marie Grenier}}~~
	~~{{No footnotes\|date=November 2019}}~~
	{{Use dmy dates\|date=August 2020}}		{{Use dmy dates\|date=August 2020}}
	[[File:JeanGrenierwiki.jpg\|thumb\|right\|Grenier in 1964]]		[[File:JeanGrenierwiki.jpg\|thumb\|right\|Grenier in 1964]]

Jean Grenier

Deleatur yhe — Fri, 16 Oct 2026 07:03:09 GMT

Created page

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{{Short description|French philosopher and writer (1898–1971)}}
{{about||the French botanist and naturalist|Jean Charles Marie Grenier}}
{{No footnotes|date=November 2019}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2020}}
[[File:JeanGrenierwiki.jpg|thumb|right|Grenier in 1964]]

'''Jean Grenier''' ({{IPA|fr|ʒɑ̃ ɡʁənje|lang}}; 6 February 1898 – 5 March 1971) was a French philosopher and writer. He taught for a time in [[Algiers]], where he became a significant influence on the young [[Albert Camus]].

== Biography ==
Born in Paris, Grenier spent his childhood and adolescence in [[Saint-Brieuc]], [[Brittany]], the birthplace of [[Jules Lequier]], the visionary philosopher to whom Grenier would eventually dedicate his doctoral thesis. These early years, during which he became acquainted with [[Louis Guilloux]], [[Edmond Lambert]] and [[Max Jacob]], are documented in his autobiographical novel ''Les grèves'' (1957). In 1922 Grenier gained a teaching qualification in philosophy and began his academic career at the ''[[Institut français]]'' in [[Naples]], alongside [[Henri Bosco]]. He then spent some time working on the literary journal ''[[La Nouvelle Revue française]]'' (NRF) before returning to teaching as a professor of philosophy in [[Algiers]], the capital of [[Algeria]]. [[Albert Camus]] became a student of Grenier's and a close friendship developed between them. Strongly influenced by ''[[Les Îles]],'' which came out in 1933, Camus dedicated his first book to Grenier: ''[[L'envers et l'endroit]]'', published in Algeria by [[Edmond Charlot]]. His ''[[L'homme révolté]]'' was also dedicated to Grenier, and Camus provided the preface to the second edition of ''Les Îles'' in 1959.

However, the two thinkers followed very different ideological paths. While Camus was drawn to rebellion, despite his criticism of violent revolution in ''[[The Rebel (book)|L'Homme revolte]]'', and ultimately the desperate cries of ''[[The Fall (Camus novel)|La Chute]]'', Grenier was more contemplative, adopting the [[Taoism|Taoist]] principle of [[Wu wei|''wu'' ''wei'']] and surreptitiously practising a [[Quietism (Christian contemplation)|quietist]] version of [[Christianity]].

Grenier's 1938 ''[[Essai sur l'esprit d'orthodoxie]]'' is essentially a distillation of his writings from 1936 and 1937. Although it tackles the burning issues of the day, it was intended to be "a reaction against them". This essay gave rise to a generation of intellectuals divided by their attitudes towards [[communism]].

Grenier was well known in the intellectual circles of the time and contributed to numerous literary journals, including ''[[L'Œil]]'', ''[[XXe Siècle]]'' and ''[[Preuves]]''. A friend of [[Jean Paulhan]], he frequently wrote for the NRF. Grenier had an arts column in the newspaper ''Combat'' while Camus was editor, and one in ''[[L'Express (France)|L'Express]]'' under ''[[Jean Daniel]]''. Following a period of teaching in Alexandria and Cairo (where he met [[André Gide]], [[Edmond Jabès]], [[Jean Cocteau]], [[Taha Hussein]], [[Étiemble]] and [[Georges Perros]]) as well as teaching at the Faculty of Arts in [[Lille]], Grenier held a chair in [[aesthetics]] and science of art at the [[University of Paris|Sorbonne]] from 1962 to 1968.

Grenier was particularly interested in the development of non-figurative art and wrote mainly on the subject of contemporary painting, including works such as: ''L'esprit de la peinture contemporaine'', ''Essais sur la peinture contemporaine'' and ''Entretiens avec dix-sept peintres non-figuratifs''. A summary of his reflections on the history of aesthetics, written for his students at the Sorbonne, may be found in ''L'art et ses problèmes''.

Until his death in [[Vernouillet, Eure-et-Loir]] in 1971, Grenier regularly published works dealing with a wide range of philosophical questions, among them: ''Le choix'', ''Entretiens sur le bon usage de la liberté'', ''L'esprit du Tao'' and ''L'existence malheureuse''. Somewhat more mundane topics included: ''Sur la mort d'un chien'' and ''La vie quotidienne''. He filled notebooks with details of his relationships with [[Francine Camus]], [[René Char]], [[Louis Guilloux]], [[Jean Giono]], [[André Malraux]] and [[Manès Sperber]] and with the editorial team of the [[Nouvelle Nouvelle Revue française]], as well as his conversations with numerous contemporary artists who visited him at his home in [[Bourg-la-Reine]]. Towards the end, he also wrote down some surprising definitions of technical terms and made some rather whimsical observations. In November 1968, just after the publication of Albert Camus – souvenirs, Grenier was awarded the ''[[Grand Prix national des lettres]]''.

==Published works==
* Interiora rerum, Grasset, Collection: Les Cahiers verts, 70, 1927
* Cum apparuerit, Collection: Terrasses de Lourmarin 19, Audin, 1930
* Les Îles, Collection: "Les Essais" n°7, Gallimard, 1933 Reprinted under the title: "L'imaginaire", 1977
* La philosophie de Jules Lequier, Vrin, 1936
* Santa Cruz et autres paysages africains, Collection: Méditerranéennes 4, Charlot, 1937
* Essai sur l'esprit d'orthodoxie, Gallimard, Les Essais n°5, 1938
* Le Choix, Presses Universitaires de France, 1941
* L’Existence, Gallimard, Collection: La Métaphysique, 1945
* Sextus Empiricus (translation) Aubier, 1948
* Entretiens sur le bon usage de la liberté, Paris, Gallimard, 1948
* L'esprit de la peinture contemporaine, Vineta, 1951
* Œuvres complètes de Jules Lequier (presentation), La Baconnière, 1952
* Lexique, Gallimard, Collection: Métamorphoses n°48, 1955
* A propos de l'humain, Gallimard, Collection: Les Essais n°74, 1955
* Les Grèves, Gallimard, 1957
* Sur la mort d'un chien, Gallimard, 1957
* L'esprit du Tao, Flammarion, 1957
* L'existence malheureuse, Gallimard, 1957
* Essais sur la peinture contemporaine, Gallimard, 1959
* Lanskoy, Hazan, Collection: Peintres d'aujourd'hui, 1960
* Absolu et choix, Presses Universitaires de France (Introduction to philosophy), 1961
* Borès, Verve, 1961
* Lettres d'Égypte followed by Un Été au Liban, Gallimard, 1962
* L'Imitation et les principes de l'esthétique classique, C.D.U.(The Sorbonne Lectures: Esthétique), 1963
* Entretiens avec dix-sept peintres non figuratifs, Calmann-Lévy, 1963, Reprinted by Editions Folle Avoine, 1990
* Vicissitudes de l'esthétique et révolution du goût, C.D.U.(The Sorbonne Lectures: Esthétique), 1965
* Célébration du miroir, Robert Morel, 1965
* La vie quotidienne, Gallimard, 1968
* Jules Lequier – La dernière page, Illustrated by Ubac, Gaston Puel, 1968
* Albert Camus – Souvenirs, Gallimard, 1968
* Senancour: les plus belles pages (presentation), Mercure de France, 1968
* Lexique, illustrated by Hadju, Fata Morgana, 1969
* Entretiens avec Louis Foucher, Gallimard, 1969
* Quatre prières, illustrated Madeleine Grenier, Gaston Puel, 1970
* L'art et ses problèmes, Éditions Rencontres, 1970
* Quatre prières, Illustrated by Madeleine Grenier, Gaston Puel, 1970
* Music, Le Musée de Poche, 1970
* Molinos: le guide spirituel (presentation), Fayard, 1970
* Mémoires intimes de X, Robert Morel, 1971
* Voir Naples, Gallimard, 1973
* Les poèmes brûlés, Nane Stern, 1973
* Réflexions sur quelques écrivains, Gallimard, 1973
* Jacques, Calligrammes, 1979
* Portrait de Jean Giono, Robert Morel, 1979
* Miroirs, illustrated by Arpad Szenes, Fata Morgana, 1980
* Jean Grenier – Georges Perros : correspondence 1950–1971, Calligrammes, 1980
* Correspondence avec Albert Camus (1932–1960), Gallimard, 1981
* Écrire et publier, Calligrammes, 1982
* Vie de Saint-Gens, followed by images by Saint-Gens par André de Richaud, Calligrammes, 1983
* Prières, illustrated by Zoran Music, Fata Morgana, 1983
* Le chant du voleur d'amour by Bilhana (presentation), Calligrammes, 1983
* Écrits sur le quiétisme, Calligrammes, 1984
* Jean Grenier – Jean Paulhan : correspondence 1925–1968, Calligrammes, 1984
* Premier voyage en Italie – 1921, Calligrammes, 1986
* Ombre et lumière, illustrated by Pierre Tal Coat, Fata Morgana, 1986
* Mes candidatures à la Sorbonne, Calligrammes, 1987
* Les A-peu-près, [[Ramsay (publishing house)|Ramsay]], 1987
* La dernière page, preface by Jean Clair, Ramsay, 1987
* Mes candidatures à la Sorbonne, Calligrammes, 1987
* Jean Grenier – René Etiemble : correspondence 1945–1971, Folle Avoine, 1988
* Carnets 1944 – 1971, collection "Pour Mémoire", Seghers, 1991 (reprinted by les Éditions Claire Paulhan, 1999)
* Sur l’Inde, foreword by [[Olivier Germain-Thomas]], Fata Morgana, 1994
* Sous l'occupation, Editions Claire Paulhan, 1997

== Further reading ==
* LA NRF, N°221, May 1971 : "JEAN GRENIER", texts by Henri Bosco, [[Etiemble]], Georges Perros, [[Roger Judrin]], [[Jean Daniel]], [[Roger Grenier]], Jean Clair, Antoine Terrasse, Roger Quesnoy, Yvon Belaval, Gaëtan Picon, suivis de « L’Escalier », par Jean Grenier.
* BARRIERE G. : Jean Grenier, l'exil et le royaume. Mémoire de maîtrise présenté à la Sorbonne en 1973.
* TAROT C. : Problèmes du sujet dans l'œuvre et la pensée de Jean Grenier. Thèse de 3ème cycle soutenue à l'Université de Caen en 1981.
* GARFITT J.S.T. : The Work and Thought of Jean Grenier (1898–1971), MHRA Texts and Dissertations, Vol. 20, The Modern Humanities Research Association, Oxford, 1983.
* CORNEAU P. : L'Humain et l'Absolu dans Les Iles de Jean Grenier. Mémoire de maîtrise présenté à la Faculté des Lettres d'Amiens en 1985.
* CORNEAU P. : Présentation critique de Jean Grenier. Mémoire de D.E.A. en Littérature française et spiritualité présenté à la Faculté des Lettres de Metz en 1986.
* Cahier Jean Grenier sous la direction de Jacques André, Editions Folle Avoine, 1990.
*Les Instants privilégiés, [Colloque de Cerisy][1] sous la direction de Jacques André, Editions Folle Avoine, 1992.
* Les Chemins de l’Absolu, Actes du Colloque Jean Grenier, Saint-Brieuc, 21 et 22 novembre 1998, Editions Folle Avoine, 1999.
* MILLET Y. : Jean Grenier et l'esprit du Tao : le non-agir comme raison de l'œuvre, Thèse de doctorat en science de l'art, université de Paris 1, 1999.
* Albert Camus, Jean Grenier, Louis Guilloux : écriture autobiographique et carnets, actes des Rencontres méditerranéennes, 5 et 6 octobre 2001, Château de Lourmarin, Editions Folle Avoine, 2003.
* Figure de Jean Grenier, Arearevue) (n°5, Septembre 2003).
* Cahier Jean Grenier, Revue EUROPE n°897–898, janvier-février 2004.
* CORNEAU P. : Une attention aimante, Jean Grenier – Ecrits sur l’art (1944–1971), choix d’articles de critique d’art et d’esthétique de Jean Grenier, Presses Universitaires de Rennes, Collection Critique d'Art, 2008.

Étienne Pivert de Senancour

Deleatur yhe — Fri, 16 Oct 2026 02:10:26 GMT

Works

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	* (1793) ''[https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k1040201c '''Sur les Générations actuelles, absurdités humaines''']''		* (1793) ''[https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k1040201c '''Sur les Générations actuelles, absurdités humaines''']''
	* (1794) ''[https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k118989k '''Aldomen ou le bonheur dans l'obscurité''']''		* (1794) ''[https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k118989k '''Aldomen ou le bonheur dans l'obscurité''']''
	* (1797) ~~'''~~''[https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k105088b Rêveries sur la nature primitive de l'homme]~~'''~~''		* (1797) ''[https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k105088b Rêveries sur la nature primitive de l'homme]''
	* (1804) ''Oberman'' (changed to ''Obermann'' in subsequent editions)		* (1804) ''Oberman'' (changed to ''Obermann'' in subsequent editions)
	* (1806) ''De l'amour''		* (1806) ''De l'amour''
	* (1807) ''Valombré''		* (1807) ''Valombré''
	* (1814) ''Lettre d'un habitant des Vosges sur MM. Buonaparte, de Chateaubriand, Grégoire, Barruel''		* (1814) ''Lettre d'un habitant des Vosges sur MM. Buonaparte, de Chateaubriand, Grégoire, Barruel''
	* (1815) ''De Napoléon''		* (1815) ''[https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k6307393s '''De Napoléon''']''
	* (1815) ''Quatorze juillet 1815''		* (1815) ''Quatorze juillet 1815''
	* (1816) ''Observations critiques sur l'ouvrage intitulé "Génie du christianisme", suivies de réflexions sur les écrits de Monsieur de Bonald''		* (1816) ''Observations critiques sur l'ouvrage intitulé "Génie du christianisme", suivies de réflexions sur les écrits de Monsieur de Bonald''
	* (1819) ''Libres Méditations d'un solitaire inconnu''		* (1819) ''Libres Méditations d'un solitaire inconnu''
	* (1824) ''Résumé de l'histoire de la Chine''		* (1824) ''[https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k6208831g '''Résumé de l'histoire de la Chine''']''
	* (1825) ''Résumé de l'histoire des traditions morales et religieuses''		* (1825) ''[https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k9810181t '''Résumé de l'histoire des traditions morales et religieuses''']''
	* (1833) ''Petit vocabulaire de simple vérité''		* (1833) ''Petit vocabulaire de simple vérité''
	* (1833) ''Isabelle''		* (1833) ''Isabelle''

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Étienne Pivert de Senancour

Deleatur yhe — Thu, 15 Oct 2026 09:28:02 GMT

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	==Life==		==Life==
	Senancour was born in [[Paris]], the only child of first cousins Claude-Laurent and Marie-Catherine Pivert. His father, a ''contrôleur alternatif des Rentes de l’Hôtel de Ville'',{{refn\|group=lower-alpha\|An official whose job it was to check the validity of interest payments.}} having purchased the office in 1774, added “de Senancour” to his surname. His parents shared a deep devotion to [[Catholicism]], but came to regret their marriage and instead both wished for the life of the [[cloister]], a calling they hoped their son might follow instead. Senancour’s mother provided her son with a [[Jansenist]] education, before sending him to a [[~~boarding school]] near [[Ermenonville~~]]. His father was emotionally distant, while by contrast his mother was frequently fussy and overly attentive; the result was a melancholy childhood filled with boredom and solitude. The family was quite wealthy, and lived on the [[Rue Saint-Denis]], near [[Saint-Sépulcre]], the Church of the Holy Sepulchre.<ref name=":0" /><ref>Michel Orcel, "Rêveries d’un corps dans les Alpes (Senancour)" (Éditions Belin: ''Po&sie'' 2006/2 N° 116), 124.</ref><ref>[https://essentiels.bnf.fr/fr/article/e3f412b0-45d5-46db-bab2-c3707185e4dd-etienne-senancour-melancolique-et-preromantique "Étienne de Senancour, mélancolique et préromantique"] at BnF Essentiels.</ref><ref>Jean-Marc Vasseur. “Étienne Pivert de Senancour dans le Valois.” ''Revue d’Histoire Littéraire de La France'' 115, no. 1 (2015): 169–89. <nowiki>http://www.jstor.org/stable/24722107</nowiki>.</ref>		Senancour was born in [[Paris]], the only child of first cousins Claude-Laurent and Marie-Catherine Pivert. His father, a ''contrôleur alternatif des Rentes de l’Hôtel de Ville'',{{refn\|group=lower-alpha\|An official whose job it was to check the validity of interest payments. The position also conferred upon him the title of ''[[conseiller du roi]].''}} having purchased the office in 1774, added “de Senancour” to his surname. His parents shared a deep devotion to [[Catholicism]], but came to regret their marriage and instead both wished for the life of the [[cloister]], a calling they hoped their son might follow instead. Senancour’s mother provided her son with a [[Jansenist]] education, before sending him to the [[University of Paris\|Collège de la Marche]]. His father was emotionally distant, while by contrast his mother was frequently fussy and overly attentive; the result was a melancholy childhood filled with boredom and solitude. The family was quite wealthy, and lived on the [[Rue Saint-Denis]], near [[Saint-Sépulcre]], the Church of the Holy Sepulchre.<ref name=":0" /><ref>Michel Orcel, "Rêveries d’un corps dans les Alpes (Senancour)" (Éditions Belin: ''Po&sie'' 2006/2 N° 116), 124.</ref><ref>[https://essentiels.bnf.fr/fr/article/e3f412b0-45d5-46db-bab2-c3707185e4dd-etienne-senancour-melancolique-et-preromantique "Étienne de Senancour, mélancolique et préromantique"] at BnF Essentiels.</ref><ref>Jean-Marc Vasseur. “Étienne Pivert de Senancour dans le Valois.” ''Revue d’Histoire Littéraire de La France'' 115, no. 1 (2015): 169–89. <nowiki>http://www.jstor.org/stable/24722107</nowiki>.</ref>

	Senancour studied with a [[curé]] in the vicinity of [[Ermenonville]] ~~before being sent~~ to the [[~~University of Paris~~\|~~Collège de la Marche~~]]. His father wanted him to enter the seminary of [[Saint-Sulpice (Paris)\|Saint-Sulpice]] to become a [[priest]]. To avoid a profession for which he had no vocation, Senancour, with the help of his mother, fled to Switzerland in 1789. On 11 September 1790, he married Marie-Françoise Daguet with whom he had two children: a daughter [[Eulalie de Senancour\|Eulalie]] (1791) who would later follow in her father's footsteps and become a writer, and a son, Florian-Julien (1793), who went on to pursue a career in the military.~~{{Citation needed\|date=December 2019}}~~ The marriage was not a happy one; his wife refused to accompany him to the Alpine solitude he desired, and they settled in [[Fribourg]].		Senancour spent four unhappy years at the Collège de la Marche, where he felt out of place and withdrew further into himself. When he was not at school or at home, he studied with a [[curé]] who lived in the vicinity of [[Ermenonville]] or [[Senlis]]. This would prove to be an important turning point in his life: it was here that Senancour discovered his love of nature, of solitude, and the philosophy of [[Jean-Jacques Rousseau\|Rousseau]]. His father wanted him to enter the seminary of [[Saint-Sulpice (Paris)\|Saint-Sulpice]] to become a [[priest]]. To avoid a profession for which he had no vocation, Senancour, with the help of his mother, fled to Switzerland in 1789. On 11 September 1790, he married Marie-Françoise Daguet with whom he had two children: a daughter [[Eulalie de Senancour\|Eulalie]] (1791) who would later follow in her father's footsteps and become a writer, and a son, Florian-Julien (1793), who went on to pursue a career in the military. The marriage was not a happy one; his wife refused to accompany him to the Alpine solitude he desired, and they settled in [[Fribourg]].<ref name=":0" />

	His absence from France at the outbreak of the [[French Revolution\|Revolution]] was interpreted as hostility to the new government, and his name was included in the list of [[émigrés]]. He visited France from time to time by stealth, but he only succeeded in saving the remnants of a considerable fortune. In 1799 he published in Paris his ''[[Rêveries sur la nature primitive de l'homme]]'', a book containing impassioned descriptive passages which mark him out as a precursor of the [[romantic movement]]. His parents and his wife died before the close of the century, and Senancour was in Paris in 1801 when he began ''Obermann'', which was finished in Switzerland two years later, and printed in 1804. This singular book, which has never lost its popularity with a limited class of readers, was followed in the next year by a treatise ''[[De l'amour (1806 book)\|De l'amour]]'', in which he attacked the accepted social conventions. During this period, he worked at the magazine ''[[Mercure de France]]'' where he made the acquaintance of [[Louis-Sébastien Mercier]] and [[Charles Nodier]].		His absence from France at the outbreak of the [[French Revolution\|Revolution]] was interpreted as hostility to the new government, and his name was included in the list of [[émigrés]]. He visited France from time to time by stealth, but he only succeeded in saving the remnants of a considerable fortune. In 1799 he published in Paris his ''[[Rêveries sur la nature primitive de l'homme]]'', a book containing impassioned descriptive passages which mark him out as a precursor of the [[romantic movement]]. His parents and his wife died before the close of the century, and Senancour was in Paris in 1801 when he began ''Obermann'', which was finished in Switzerland two years later, and printed in 1804. This singular book, which has never lost its popularity with a limited class of readers, was followed in the next year by a treatise ''[[De l'amour (1806 book)\|De l'amour]]'', in which he attacked the accepted social conventions. During this period, he worked at the magazine ''[[Mercure de France]]'' where he made the acquaintance of [[Louis-Sébastien Mercier]] and [[Charles Nodier]].
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	Senancour might have spent his life writing in complete obscurity were it not for a charge leveled against him by a public prosecutor for slandering religion in the second edition of his ''Résumé de l'histoire des traditions morales et religieuses'' (1827) wherein he described [[Jesus]] as a "youthful sage". He was initially found guilty and sentenced to nine months in prison and fined 300 francs, but the penalties were dropped on appeal. Attention to the case from the liberal press increased Senancour's standing, and many of his works were rediscovered and republished. The author revised and expanded ''Obermann'' for the 1833 edition.		Senancour might have spent his life writing in complete obscurity were it not for a charge leveled against him by a public prosecutor for slandering religion in the second edition of his ''Résumé de l'histoire des traditions morales et religieuses'' (1827) wherein he described [[Jesus]] as a "youthful sage". He was initially found guilty and sentenced to nine months in prison and fined 300 francs, but the penalties were dropped on appeal. Attention to the case from the liberal press increased Senancour's standing, and many of his works were rediscovered and republished. The author revised and expanded ''Obermann'' for the 1833 edition.

	''Obermann'', which is to a great extent inspired by ~~[[Jean-Jacques~~ Rousseau~~\|Rousseau]]~~, was edited and praised successively by [[Charles Augustin Sainte-Beuve\|Sainte-Beuve]] and by [[George Sand]], and had a considerable influence both in France and England. It is a series of letters supposed to be written by a [[Solitude\|solitary]] and [[Melancholia\|melancholy]] person, whose headquarters are placed in a lonely valley of the [[Jura mountains\|Jura]]. The idiosyncrasy of the book in the large class of [[The Sorrows of Young Werther\|Wertherian]]-[[George Gordon Byron, 6th Baron Byron\|Byronic]] literature consists in the fact that the hero, instead of feeling the vanity of things, recognizes his own inability to be and do what he wishes. Danish literary critic [[Georg Morris Cohen Brandes\|Georg Brandes]] pointed out that while [[François-René de Chateaubriand\|Chateaubriand]]'s [[novella]] [[René (novella)\|''René'']] was appreciated by some of the ruling spirits of the century, ''Obermann'' was understood only by highly gifted, sensitive temperaments, usually strangers to success.		''Obermann'', which is to a great extent inspired by Rousseau, was edited and praised successively by [[Charles Augustin Sainte-Beuve\|Sainte-Beuve]] and by [[George Sand]], and had a considerable influence both in France and England. It is a series of letters supposed to be written by a [[Solitude\|solitary]] and [[Melancholia\|melancholy]] person, whose headquarters are placed in a lonely valley of the [[Jura mountains\|Jura]]. The idiosyncrasy of the book in the large class of [[The Sorrows of Young Werther\|Wertherian]]-[[George Gordon Byron, 6th Baron Byron\|Byronic]] literature consists in the fact that the hero, instead of feeling the vanity of things, recognizes his own inability to be and do what he wishes. Danish literary critic [[Georg Morris Cohen Brandes\|Georg Brandes]] pointed out that while [[François-René de Chateaubriand\|Chateaubriand]]'s [[novella]] [[René (novella)\|''René'']] was appreciated by some of the ruling spirits of the century, ''Obermann'' was understood only by highly gifted, sensitive temperaments, usually strangers to success.

	Senancour was tinged to some extent with the older [[philosophe]] form of [[Free thought\|free-thinking]], and had no sympathy with the [[Catholic]] reaction. Having no resources but his pen, Senancour was driven to hack-work during the period which elapsed between his return to France (1803) and his death at Saint-Cloud; but some of the charm of ''Obermann'' is to be found in the ''[[Libres Méditations d'un solitaire inconnu]]''. [[Adolphe Thiers\|Thiers]] and [[Abel-François Villemain\|Villemain]] successively obtained for Senancour from [[Louis-Philippe of France\|Louis Philippe]] pensions which enabled him to pass his last days in comfort. Senancour also authored the comedic drama ''[[Valombré]]'' (1807), and late in life wrote a second novel in letters entitled ''[[Isabelle (novel)\|Isabelle]]'' (1833). He composed his own epitaph, "''Eternité, sois mon asile''".		Senancour was tinged to some extent with the older [[philosophe]] form of [[Free thought\|free-thinking]], and had no sympathy with the [[Catholic]] reaction. Having no resources but his pen, Senancour was driven to hack-work during the period which elapsed between his return to France (1803) and his death at Saint-Cloud; but some of the charm of ''Obermann'' is to be found in the ''[[Libres Méditations d'un solitaire inconnu]]''. [[Adolphe Thiers\|Thiers]] and [[Abel-François Villemain\|Villemain]] successively obtained for Senancour from [[Louis-Philippe of France\|Louis Philippe]] pensions which enabled him to pass his last days in comfort. Senancour also authored the comedic drama ''[[Valombré]]'' (1807), and late in life wrote a second novel in letters entitled ''[[Isabelle (novel)\|Isabelle]]'' (1833). He composed his own epitaph, "''Eternité, sois mon asile''".

	~~==In music and poetry==~~
	Between 1848 and 1854, [[Franz Liszt]] composed ''Vallée d'Obermann'', one of the pieces for piano of the suite ''Première année: Suisse'', from the œuvre ''[[Années de pèlerinage]]'', inspired by Senancour's most famous novel.<ref>[https://www.allmusic.com/composition/ann%C3%A9es-de-p%C3%A8lerinage-1st-year-suisse-suite-for-piano-s-160-lw-a159-mc0002355444 ''Années de pèlerinage'', 1st Year ("Suisse"), suite for piano, S. 160 (LW A159) at AllMusic]</ref>

	Senancour is immortalized for English readers in two poems by [[Matthew Arnold]] entitled "Stanzas in Memory of the Author of Obermann" (1849) and "Obermann Once More" (1867)'';'' Obermann is also mentioned in Arnold's "Stanzas from the Grande Chartreuse."<ref>[https://archive.org/details/bwb_KO-918-218/ Matthew Arnold, ''The Poems of Matthew Arnold'' (Longmans Annotated English Poets)(London: Longman, Green & Co Ltd, 1965).]</ref>

	==Works==		==Works==
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	{{Reflist}}		{{Reflist}}
	{{EB1911\|wstitle=Senancour, Étienne Pivert de\|volume=24\|page=634}}		{{EB1911\|wstitle=Senancour, Étienne Pivert de\|volume=24\|page=634}}
	~~==External links==~~
	* {{Internet Archive author\|sname=Étienne-Jean-Baptiste-Pierre-Ignace Pivert de Senancour \|sopt=w}}

	~~{{Romanticism}}~~

	~~{{Authority control}}~~

	~~{{DEFAULTSORT:Pivert de Senancour, Etienne}}~~
	~~[[index.php?title=Category:1770 births]]~~
	~~[[index.php?title=Category:1846 deaths]]~~
	~~[[index.php?title=Category:University of Paris alumni]]~~
	~~[[index.php?title=Category:Writers from Paris]]~~
	~~[[index.php?title=Category:18th-century French writers]]~~
	~~[[index.php?title=Category:18th-century French male writers]]~~
	~~[[index.php?title=Category:19th-century French novelists]]~~
	~~[[index.php?title=Category:19th-century French male novelists]]~~
	~~[[index.php?title=Category:French essayists]]~~
	~~[[index.php?title=Category:French philosophers]]~~

Obermann (novel)

Deleatur yhe — Wed, 14 Oct 2026 09:58:18 GMT

In music and poetry

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	''Obermann'' has been translated into English three times: in its entirety by [[A. E. Waite]] (1903) and J. Anthony Barnes (1910), and in selections by Jessie Peabody Frothingham (1901).		''Obermann'' has been translated into English three times: in its entirety by [[A. E. Waite]] (1903) and J. Anthony Barnes (1910), and in selections by Jessie Peabody Frothingham (1901).

			==In music and poetry==
			Between 1848 and 1854, [[Franz Liszt]] composed ''Vallée d'Obermann'', one of the pieces for piano of the suite ''Première année: Suisse'', from the œuvre ''[[Années de pèlerinage]]'', inspired by Senancour's most famous novel.<ref>[https://www.allmusic.com/composition/ann%C3%A9es-de-p%C3%A8lerinage-1st-year-suisse-suite-for-piano-s-160-lw-a159-mc0002355444 ''Années de pèlerinage'', 1st Year ("Suisse"), suite for piano, S. 160 (LW A159) at AllMusic]</ref>

			Senancour and Obermann are immortalized for English readers in two poems by [[Matthew Arnold]] entitled "Stanzas in Memory of the Author of Obermann" (1849) and "Obermann Once More" (1867). Obermann is also mentioned in Arnold's "Stanzas from the Grande Chartreuse."<ref>[https://archive.org/details/bwb_KO-918-218/ Matthew Arnold, ''The Poems of Matthew Arnold'' (Longmans Annotated English Poets)(London: Longman, Green & Co Ltd, 1965).]</ref>

	https://essentiels.bnf.fr/fr/article/7eec7ea2-0e30-437b-84ac-35d45b1f9755-oberman		https://essentiels.bnf.fr/fr/article/7eec7ea2-0e30-437b-84ac-35d45b1f9755-oberman

Étienne Pivert de Senancour

Deleatur yhe — Wed, 14 Oct 2026 09:11:52 GMT

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	'''Étienne Pivert de Senancour''' (sometimes written '''Sénancour''', 5/6 November 1770–10 January 1846){{refn\|group=lower-alpha\|There is some confusion as to Senancour’s exact name. It sometimes appears as “Étienne Jean Baptiste Pierre Ignace Pivert de Senancour,” even with the title of vicomte attached to it, but there is no surviving, definitive birth record for him, the civil registers for the years preceding 1860 all having been destroyed during the Paris Commune in May 1871. His biographer Merlant spells Senancour with an ''accent aigu'' over the ''e''; the Bibliotheque Nationale lists him in their records simply as “Étienne Pivert de Senancour.”}} was a [[France\|French]] [[Essay\|essayist]] remembered primarily for his [[epistolary novel]] ''[[Obermann (novel)\|Obermann]]''. He also wrote using the [[Pen name\|pseudonyms]] ''Le citoyen Pivert'', ''Rêveur des Alpes'', and ''Le solitaire des Vosges''.<ref name=":0">Joachim Merlant, ''Sénancour: (1770-1846): poète, penseur religieux et publiciste: sa vie, son oeuvre, son influence: documents inconnus ou inédits'' (Paris: Fischbacher, 1907).</ref><ref>H.G. Schenk, ''The Mind of the European Romantics'' (New York: Frederick Ungar Publishing Co., 1966), xx.</ref><ref>Cherie D. Abbey & Janet Mullane (eds.), N''ineteenth-Century Literature Critcism, Vol. 16: Exccerpts from Criticism of the Works of Novelists, Poets, Playwrights, Short Story Writers, Philosophers, and Other Creative Writers Who Died Between 1800 and 1899, from the First Published Critical Appraisals to Current Evaluations'' (Detroit: Gale Research Company, 1987), 416.</ref><ref>Étienne Pivert de Senancour, ''Aldomen, ou Le bonheur dans l'obscurité'' (Paris: Chez Leprieur, Libraire, 1794).</ref>		'''Étienne Pivert de Senancour''' (sometimes written '''Sénancour''', 5/6 November 1770–10 January 1846){{refn\|group=lower-alpha\|There is some confusion as to Senancour’s exact name. It sometimes appears as “Étienne Jean Baptiste Pierre Ignace Pivert de Senancour,” even with the title of vicomte attached to it, but there is no surviving, definitive birth record for him, the civil registers for the years preceding 1860 all having been destroyed during the Paris Commune in May 1871. His biographer Merlant spells Senancour with an ''accent aigu'' over the ''e''; the Bibliotheque Nationale lists him in their records simply as “Étienne Pivert de Senancour.” A medallion made in 1833, which can be seen above, even has his name inscribed as "Sénancourt," only further adding to the confusion.}} was a [[France\|French]] [[Essay\|essayist]] remembered primarily for his [[epistolary novel]] ''[[Obermann (novel)\|Obermann]]''. He also wrote using the [[Pen name\|pseudonyms]] ''Le citoyen Pivert'', ''Rêveur des Alpes'', and ''Le solitaire des Vosges''.<ref name=":0">Joachim Merlant, ''Sénancour: (1770-1846): poète, penseur religieux et publiciste: sa vie, son oeuvre, son influence: documents inconnus ou inédits'' (Paris: Fischbacher, 1907).</ref><ref>H.G. Schenk, ''The Mind of the European Romantics'' (New York: Frederick Ungar Publishing Co., 1966), xx.</ref><ref>Cherie D. Abbey & Janet Mullane (eds.), N''ineteenth-Century Literature Critcism, Vol. 16: Exccerpts from Criticism of the Works of Novelists, Poets, Playwrights, Short Story Writers, Philosophers, and Other Creative Writers Who Died Between 1800 and 1899, from the First Published Critical Appraisals to Current Evaluations'' (Detroit: Gale Research Company, 1987), 416.</ref><ref>Étienne Pivert de Senancour, ''Aldomen, ou Le bonheur dans l'obscurité'' (Paris: Chez Leprieur, Libraire, 1794).</ref>

	==Life==		==Life==
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	His absence from France at the outbreak of the [[French Revolution\|Revolution]] was interpreted as hostility to the new government, and his name was included in the list of [[émigrés]]. He visited France from time to time by stealth, but he only succeeded in saving the remnants of a considerable fortune. In 1799 he published in Paris his ''[[Rêveries sur la nature primitive de l'homme]]'', a book containing impassioned descriptive passages which mark him out as a precursor of the [[romantic movement]]. His parents and his wife died before the close of the century, and Senancour was in Paris in 1801 when he began ''Obermann'', which was finished in Switzerland two years later, and printed in 1804. This singular book, which has never lost its popularity with a limited class of readers, was followed in the next year by a treatise ''[[De l'amour (1806 book)\|De l'amour]]'', in which he attacked the accepted social conventions. During this period, he worked at the magazine ''[[Mercure de France]]'' where he made the acquaintance of [[Louis-Sébastien Mercier]] and [[Charles Nodier]].		His absence from France at the outbreak of the [[French Revolution\|Revolution]] was interpreted as hostility to the new government, and his name was included in the list of [[émigrés]]. He visited France from time to time by stealth, but he only succeeded in saving the remnants of a considerable fortune. In 1799 he published in Paris his ''[[Rêveries sur la nature primitive de l'homme]]'', a book containing impassioned descriptive passages which mark him out as a precursor of the [[romantic movement]]. His parents and his wife died before the close of the century, and Senancour was in Paris in 1801 when he began ''Obermann'', which was finished in Switzerland two years later, and printed in 1804. This singular book, which has never lost its popularity with a limited class of readers, was followed in the next year by a treatise ''[[De l'amour (1806 book)\|De l'amour]]'', in which he attacked the accepted social conventions. During this period, he worked at the magazine ''[[Mercure de France]]'' where he made the acquaintance of [[Louis-Sébastien Mercier]] and [[Charles Nodier]].

	[[File:Portrait_d'Etienne_Pivert_de_Sénancourt_(1770-1846),_écrivain,_S365(2)\|thumb\|left\|Medallion of Sénancourt [''sic''] by Pierre-Jean David d'Angers & Louis Richard]]		[[File:Portrait_d'Etienne_Pivert_de_Sénancourt_(1770-1846),_écrivain,_S365(2).jpg\|thumb\|left\|<center>Medallion of Sénancourt [''sic'']</center>by Pierre-Jean David d'Angers & Louis Richard]]
	Senancour might have spent his life writing in complete obscurity were it not for a charge leveled against him by a public prosecutor for slandering religion in the second edition of his ''Résumé de l'histoire des traditions morales et religieuses'' (1827) wherein he described [[Jesus]] as a "youthful sage". He was initially found guilty and sentenced to nine months in prison and fined 300 francs, but the penalties were dropped on appeal. Attention to the case from the liberal press increased Senancour's standing, and many of his works were rediscovered and republished. The author revised and expanded ''Obermann'' for the 1833 edition.		Senancour might have spent his life writing in complete obscurity were it not for a charge leveled against him by a public prosecutor for slandering religion in the second edition of his ''Résumé de l'histoire des traditions morales et religieuses'' (1827) wherein he described [[Jesus]] as a "youthful sage". He was initially found guilty and sentenced to nine months in prison and fined 300 francs, but the penalties were dropped on appeal. Attention to the case from the liberal press increased Senancour's standing, and many of his works were rediscovered and republished. The author revised and expanded ''Obermann'' for the 1833 edition.

File:Portrait d'Etienne Pivert de Sénancourt (1770-1846), écrivain, S365(2).jpg

Deleatur yhe — Wed, 14 Oct 2026 09:02:31 GMT

Deleatur yhe uploaded File:Portrait d'Etienne Pivert de Sénancourt (1770-1846), écrivain, S365(2).jpg https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Portrait_d%27Etienne_Pivert_de_S%C3%A9nancourt_(1770-1846),_%C3%A9crivain,_S365(2).jpg

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== Summary ==
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Portrait_d%27Etienne_Pivert_de_S%C3%A9nancourt_(1770-1846),_%C3%A9crivain,_S365(2).jpg

Étienne Pivert de Senancour

Deleatur yhe — Wed, 14 Oct 2026 09:01:11 GMT

Life

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	His absence from France at the outbreak of the [[French Revolution\|Revolution]] was interpreted as hostility to the new government, and his name was included in the list of [[émigrés]]. He visited France from time to time by stealth, but he only succeeded in saving the remnants of a considerable fortune. In 1799 he published in Paris his ''[[Rêveries sur la nature primitive de l'homme]]'', a book containing impassioned descriptive passages which mark him out as a precursor of the [[romantic movement]]. His parents and his wife died before the close of the century, and Senancour was in Paris in 1801 when he began ''Obermann'', which was finished in Switzerland two years later, and printed in 1804. This singular book, which has never lost its popularity with a limited class of readers, was followed in the next year by a treatise ''[[De l'amour (1806 book)\|De l'amour]]'', in which he attacked the accepted social conventions. During this period, he worked at the magazine ''[[Mercure de France]]'' where he made the acquaintance of [[Louis-Sébastien Mercier]] and [[Charles Nodier]].		His absence from France at the outbreak of the [[French Revolution\|Revolution]] was interpreted as hostility to the new government, and his name was included in the list of [[émigrés]]. He visited France from time to time by stealth, but he only succeeded in saving the remnants of a considerable fortune. In 1799 he published in Paris his ''[[Rêveries sur la nature primitive de l'homme]]'', a book containing impassioned descriptive passages which mark him out as a precursor of the [[romantic movement]]. His parents and his wife died before the close of the century, and Senancour was in Paris in 1801 when he began ''Obermann'', which was finished in Switzerland two years later, and printed in 1804. This singular book, which has never lost its popularity with a limited class of readers, was followed in the next year by a treatise ''[[De l'amour (1806 book)\|De l'amour]]'', in which he attacked the accepted social conventions. During this period, he worked at the magazine ''[[Mercure de France]]'' where he made the acquaintance of [[Louis-Sébastien Mercier]] and [[Charles Nodier]].

			[[File:Portrait_d'Etienne_Pivert_de_Sénancourt_(1770-1846),_écrivain,_S365(2)\|thumb\|left\|Medallion of Sénancourt [''sic''] by Pierre-Jean David d'Angers & Louis Richard]]
	Senancour might have spent his life writing in complete obscurity were it not for a charge leveled against him by a public prosecutor for slandering religion in the second edition of his ''Résumé de l'histoire des traditions morales et religieuses'' (1827) wherein he described [[Jesus]] as a "youthful sage". He was initially found guilty and sentenced to nine months in prison and fined 300 francs, but the penalties were dropped on appeal. Attention to the case from the liberal press increased Senancour's standing, and many of his works were rediscovered and republished. The author revised and expanded ''Obermann'' for the 1833 edition.		Senancour might have spent his life writing in complete obscurity were it not for a charge leveled against him by a public prosecutor for slandering religion in the second edition of his ''Résumé de l'histoire des traditions morales et religieuses'' (1827) wherein he described [[Jesus]] as a "youthful sage". He was initially found guilty and sentenced to nine months in prison and fined 300 francs, but the penalties were dropped on appeal. Attention to the case from the liberal press increased Senancour's standing, and many of his works were rediscovered and republished. The author revised and expanded ''Obermann'' for the 1833 edition.

File:Portrait de M. de Sénancour (1846).jpg

Deleatur yhe — Wed, 14 Oct 2026 08:49:27 GMT

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	== Summary ==		== Summary ==
	Portrait de M. de Sénancour by FF		''Portrait de M. de Sénancour'' by FF.
	L'Illustration: Journal Universel		''L'Illustration: Journal Universel'',
	No. 153, Vol. VI 31 January 1846, p. 341		No. 153, Vol. VI, 31 January 1846, p. 341

Étienne Pivert de Senancour

Deleatur yhe — Wed, 14 Oct 2026 08:44:13 GMT

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File:Portrait de M. de Sénancour (1846).jpg

Deleatur yhe — Wed, 14 Oct 2026 08:40:35 GMT

Deleatur yhe uploaded File:Portrait de M. de Sénancour (1846).jpg Portrait de M. de Sénancour by FF L'Illustration: Journal Universel No. 153, Vol. VI 31 January 1846, p. 341

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== Summary ==
Portrait de M. de Sénancour by FF
L'Illustration: Journal Universel
No. 153, Vol. VI 31 January 1846, p. 341

Obermann (novel)

Deleatur yhe — Tue, 13 Oct 2026 04:39:32 GMT

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	''Obermann'' has been translated into English three times: in its entirety by [[A. E. Waite]] (1903) and J. Anthony Barnes (1910), and in selections by Jessie Peabody Frothingham (1901).		''Obermann'' has been translated into English three times: in its entirety by [[A. E. Waite]] (1903) and J. Anthony Barnes (1910), and in selections by Jessie Peabody Frothingham (1901).

			https://essentiels.bnf.fr/fr/article/7eec7ea2-0e30-437b-84ac-35d45b1f9755-oberman

Christoph Hein

Deleatur yhe — Tue, 13 Oct 2026 04:37:32 GMT

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{{short description|German author and translator (born 1944)}}
{{Infobox writer 
| name = Christoph Hein
| image = Christoph Hein Leipziger Buchmesse 2016.jpg
| birth_name =
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1944|4|8|df=y}}
| birth_place = Heinzendorf [[Jasienica, Lower Silesian Voivodeship]], [[Poland]]
| death_date =
| death_place =
| occupation = [[Novelist]], [[translation|translator]], [[Essayist]]
| period = 1980–present
| genre =
| subject =
| movement =
| notable_works =
| influences =
| influenced =
| awards = {{Awd|[[Heinrich Mann Prize]]|1982}}{{Awd|[[Erich Fried Prize]]|1990}}{{Awd|[[Solothurner Literaturpreis]]|2000}}{{Awd|[[Austrian State Prize for European Literature]]|2002}}
| website = {{URL|1=http://www.suhrkamp.de/autoren/autor.cfm?id=1845}}
}}

'''Christoph Hein''' ({{IPA|de|ˈkʁɪstɔf ˈhaɪn|lang|De-Christoph Hein.ogg}}; born 8 April 1944) is a German [[author]] and [[translation|translator]].
He grew up in the town [[Bad Düben]] near [[Leipzig]]. Being a clergyman's son and thus not allowed to attend the Erweiterte Oberschule (EOS) in the [[GDR]], he received secondary education at a [[Gymnasium (school)|gymnasium]] in the western part of [[Berlin]].<ref name=SV>{{Cite web|url=http://www.suhrkamp.de/autoren/autor.cfm?id=1845|title=Christoph Hein auf suhrkamp.de}}</ref> After his ''[[Abitur]]'' he jobbed inter alia as assembler, bookseller and assistant director.<ref name=SV/> From 1967 to 1971 Hein studied [[philosophy]] in Leipzig and Berlin. Upon graduation, he became a dramatic adviser at the [[Volksbühne]] in Berlin, where he worked as a resident writer from 1974.<ref name=SV/> Since 1979 Hein has worked as a freelance writer.

Hein first became known for his 1982 novella ''Der fremde Freund'' (''The Distant Lover''). From 1998 to 2000 Hein was the first president of the pan-German [[International PEN|PEN]]-Centre.<ref name=SV/>

According to Hein, the acclaimed film drama ''[[The Lives of Others]]'' is loosely based on his life story. In a 2019 article, he claims that after attending the premiere screening, he asked author and director [[Florian Henckel von Donnersmarck|von Donnersmarck]] to have his name removed from the credits, because he felt that the movie was a ''"scary tale taking place in a fantasy land, comparable to Tolkien's [[Middle-earth]],"'' that ''"does not depict the 1980s in the GDR"''.<ref name="Zeitung 2019">{{cite web | title=Christoph Hein zu "Das Leben der Anderen": Ein Melodram, Warum ich meinen Namen aus "Das Leben der Anderen" löschen ließ |trans-title=Why I had my name deleted from 'The Lives of Others' | website=Süddeutsche.de | date=24 January 2019 | url=https://www.sueddeutsche.de/kultur/donnersmarck-hein-das-leben-der-anderen-1.4300244 | language=de | access-date=6 December 2020}}</ref>

== Awards ==
Source:<ref name="Home">{{cite web | title=Christoph Hein – Autorenlexikon | website=literaturport | url=https://www.literaturport.de/Christoph.Hein/ | language=de | access-date=6 December 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.suhrkamp.de/autoren/christoph_hein_1845.pdf|title=Christoph Hein auf suhrkamp.de}}</ref>

* 1982: [[Heinrich Mann Prize]] of the [[Akademie der Künste der DDR]]
* 1983: [[Deutscher Kritikerpreis]]
* 1986: Mara-Cassens-Preis des Hamburger Literaturhauses für den Ersten Roman
* 1989: Stefan-Andres-Preis (Stadt Schweich an der Mosel)
* 1989: Lessing-Preis der DDR (Ministerium für Kultur)
* 1990: [[Erich Fried Prize]] (Wien)
* 1992: Ludwig-Mülheims-Theaterpreis für religiöse Dramatik
* 1992: Berliner Literaturpreis of the Stiftung Preußische Seehandlung
* 1994: [[Bundesverdienstkreuz|Großes Bundesverdienstkreuz]] (5. Oktober 1994)
* 1998: Peter-Weiss-Preis of the city of [[Bochum]]
* 2000: [[Solothurner Literaturpreis]]
* 2000: Zonser Hörspielpreis
* 2002: [[Brothers Grimm Poetics Professorship]]
* 2002: Österreichischer Staatspreis für Europäische Literatur
* 2003: Calwer Hermann-Hesse-Stipendium
* 2004: [[Schiller-Gedächtnispreis]] des Landes Baden-Württemberg
* 2004: Ver.di-Literaturpreis Berlin-Brandenburg
* 2008: Walter-Hasenclever-Literaturpreis
* 2010: [[Eichendorff-Literaturpreis]]
* 2011: Gerty-Spies-Literaturpreis
* 2011: Honorary citizenship of [[Bad Düben]]<ref>Jörg Uhle-Wettler: ''[https://www.bad-dueben.de/rathaus/partnerschaften/ehrenbuerger/christoph-hein/ Laudatio für Herrn Christoph Hein zum Ehrenbürger der Stadt Bad Düben.]'' In: Stadtverwaltung Bad Düben, 13. April 2011, aufgerufen am 30. Dezember 2017.</ref>
* 2012: [[Uwe Johnson Prize]]
* 2013: International Stefan Heym Prize
* 2017: [[Grimmelshausen-Preis]] for ''Glückskind mit Vater''
* 2020: Kinderbuchpreis des Landes Nordrhein-Westfalen (together illustrator [[Rotraut Susanne Berner]]) for ''Alles was Du brauchst – Die 20 wichtigsten Dinge im Leben''

==Works==
*''Die Witwe des Maurers'' (1980)
*''Frank, eine Kindheit mit Vätern'' (narrative, 1980)
*''Einladung zum Lever Bourgeois'' (narratives, 1980)
*''Cromwell und andere Stücke'' (plays, 1981)
*''Der fremde Freund'' (novella, 1982, in Western Germany: ''Drachenblut'', English translation ''The Distant Lover'')
*''Die wahre Geschichte des Ah Q'' (play, 1982)
*''Das Wildpferd unterm [[Cocklestove|Kachelofen]]'' (children's book, 1984)
*''Horns Ende'' (novel, 1985)
*''Schlötel oder Was solls'' (play, 1986)
*''Öffentlich arbeiten'' (essays and interviews, 1987)
*''Passage – ein Kammerspiel in drei Akten'' (play, 1987)
*''Die Ritter der Tafelrunde'' (play, 1989)
*''Der Tangospieler'' (narrative, 1989, English translation ''The Tango Player'')
*''Als Kind habe ich Stalin gesehen'' (essays and speeches, 1990)
*''Das Napoleon-Spiel'' (novel, 1993)
*''Exekution eines Kalbes und andere Erzählungen'' (narratives, 1994)
*''Randow – eine Komödie'' (play, 1994)
*''Von allem Anfang an'' (autobiography, 1997)
*''Willenbrock'' (novel, 2000, made into a movie in 2005, English translation ''Willenbrock'')
*''Mama ist gegangen'' (children's novel, 2003)
*''Landnahme'' (novel, 2004, English translation "Settlement" to be published November 2008)
*''In seiner frühen Kindheit ein Garten'' (novel, 2005)
*''Frau Paula Trousseau'' (novel 2007)
*''Über die Schädlichkeit des Tabaks. Rede an die Abiturienten des Jahrgangs 2009''
* ''Das Narrenschiff''. 2025. Novel, ''Ship of Fools'', not yet translated into English.

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Christoph Hein}}

{{Austrian State Prize for European Literature}}
{{Solothurner Literaturpreis winners}}
{{Schiller Memorial Prize winners}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Hein, Christoph}}
[[Category:1944 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:People from Ziębice]]
[[Category:People from the Province of Lower Silesia]]
[[Category:East German writers]]
[[Category:Aufstehen]]
[[Category:Members of the Academy of Arts, Berlin]]
[[Category:Heinrich Mann Prize winners]]
[[Category:Schiller Memorial Prize winners]]
[[Category:Commanders Crosses of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany]]
[[Category:20th-century German male writers]]

Main Page

Deleatur yhe — Tue, 13 Oct 2026 04:36:40 GMT

Literary links

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	== Literary links ==		== Literary links ==

			* [https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/2026/summary/ Belated congratulations to Anne Carson for winning the 2026 Nobel Prize for Literature]
	* [https://porticoquarterly.com/essay/the-tragicomic-genius-of-machado-de-assis/"The Tragicomic Genius of Machado de Assis"] on '''''Portico'''''		* [https://porticoquarterly.com/essay/the-tragicomic-genius-of-machado-de-assis/"The Tragicomic Genius of Machado de Assis"] on '''''Portico'''''
	* [https://pghrev.com/how-not-to-start-a-novel/ Henry James and the very bad first line of ''Portrait of a Lady''] on '''''The Pittsburgh Review of Books'''''		* [https://pghrev.com/how-not-to-start-a-novel/ Henry James and the very bad first line of ''Portrait of a Lady''] on '''''The Pittsburgh Review of Books'''''
	* [https://spectator.com/article/the-spellbinding-power-of-the-du-maurier-family/?edition=us "The Spellbinding Power of the du Maurier Family"] on '''''[[wikipedia:The_Spectator#Political_ideology_and_policy_positions\|The Spectator]]''''' <span title="Politically conservative periodical">⚠️</span>		* [https://spectator.com/article/the-spellbinding-power-of-the-du-maurier-family/?edition=us "The Spellbinding Power of the du Maurier Family"] on '''''[[wikipedia:The_Spectator#Political_ideology_and_policy_positions\|The Spectator]]''''' <span title="Politically conservative periodical">⚠️</span>
	* [https://clereviewofbooks.com/wg-sebald-silent-catastrophes/ "One Misfortune After Another: On W. G. Sebald’s ''Silent Catastrophes''"] on '''''[[wikipedia:Cleveland_Review_of_Books\|The Cleveland Review of Books]]'''''		* [https://clereviewofbooks.com/wg-sebald-silent-catastrophes/ "One Misfortune After Another: On W. G. Sebald’s ''Silent Catastrophes''"] on '''''[[wikipedia:Cleveland_Review_of_Books\|The Cleveland Review of Books]]'''''
	* [https://www.complete-review.com/reviews/divbiog/celanp.htm A review of Anna Arno's newly-translated biography of Paul Celan] on '''''[[wikipedia:Complete_Review\|The Complete Review]]'''''

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Template:E. T. A. Hoffmann

Deleatur yhe — Sun, 11 Oct 2026 06:54:48 GMT

Deleatur yhe imported Template:E. T. A. Hoffmann by file upload (1 revision)

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{{Navbox
| name = E. T. A. Hoffmann
| title = [[E. T. A. Hoffmann]]
| state = {{{state|autocollapse}}}
|listclass = hlist
| above = [[E. T. A. Hoffmann bibliography|Bibliography]]

| group1 = Novels
| list1 =
* ''[[The Devil's Elixirs]]'' (1815–1816)
* ''[[The Life and Opinions of the Tomcat Murr]]'' (1819–1821)
* ''[[Master Flea]]'' (1822)

| group2 = Novellas
| list2 =
* ''[[The Golden Pot]]'' (1814)
* ''[[The Nutcracker and the Mouse King]]'' (1816)
* ''[[Little Zaches called Cinnabar]]'' (1819)
* ''[[Mademoiselle de Scuderi]]'' (1819)

| group3 = Short stories
| list3 =
* "[[Ritter Gluck]]" (1809)
* "[[Don Juan (short story)|Don Juan]]" (1812)
* "[[The Automata]]" (1814)
* "[[The Sandman (short story)|The Sandman]]" (1816)
* "[[Ignaz Denner]]" (1816)
* "[[The Deserted House (Hoffmann)|The Deserted House]]" (1817)

| group4 = Prose cycles
| list4 =
* ''[[Fantasy Pieces in Callot's Manner]]'' (1814–1815)
* ''[[Night Pieces]]'' (1816–1817)
* ''[[The Serapion Brethren (story collection)|The Serapion Brethren]]'' (1819–1821)

| group5 = Operas
| list5 =
* ''[[Liebe und Eifersucht|Love and Jealousy]]'' (1807)
* ''[[Undine (Hoffmann)|Undine]]'' (1816)

| group6 = Works about
| list6 =
* ''[[E.T.A. Hoffmann. Das Leben eines skeptischen Phantasten|Das Leben eines skeptischen Phantasten]]'' (1984 biography)
* ''[[E.T.A. Hoffmann. Leben – Werk – Wirkung|Leben – Werk – Wirkung]]'' (2009 ref. book)

| group7 = Miscellaneous
| list7 =
* [[Johannes Kreisler]]
* [[The Serapion Brethren]]
}}<noinclude>
{{collapsible option}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Hoffmann, E. T. A.}}
[[Category:German writer navigational boxes]]
[[Category:Novelist navigational boxes]]
[[Category:Short story writer navigational boxes]]
[[Category:Speculative fiction writer navigational boxes]]
[[Category:E. T. A. Hoffmann navigational boxes]]
[[Category:19th-century composer navigational boxes]]
[[Category:Operas by composer navigational boxes]]
</noinclude>

Night Pieces

Deleatur yhe — Sun, 11 Oct 2026 06:53:48 GMT

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{{short description|1816–1817 story collection by E. T. A. Hoffmann}}
{{Infobox book
| name = Night Pieces
| image = Erstausgaben für Wikipedia II 005.jpg
| image_size =
| border =
| alt =
| caption = Title page of the first volume, 1816
| author = [[E. T. A. Hoffmann]]
| title_orig = Nachtstücke
| orig_lang_code = de
| translator =
| illustrator =
| cover_artist =
| country = [[Kingdom of Prussia|Prussia]]
| language = German
| subject =
| genre =
| publisher = {{ill|Verlag Georg Reimer|de}}
| pub_date = {{ubl|
* September 1816 (vol.1 )
* summer 1817 (vol. 2)
}}
| english_pub_date =
| media_type =
| pages = 695
}}
'''''Night Pieces''''' ({{langx|de|Nachtstücke}}) is a collection of eight stories by the Prussian writer [[E. T. A. Hoffmann]], published in two volumes in 1816 and 1817.<ref>{{Cite book |year=1997 |chapter=Nachtstücke |editor-last=Henry Burnand |editor-first=Garland |editor-last2=Garland |editor-first2=Mary |title=The Oxford Companion to German Literature |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |isbn=0191727415 }}</ref>

==Contents==
'''First volume'''
* "[[The Sandman (short story)|The Sandman]]" (Der Sandmann)
* "[[Ignaz Denner]]"
* "{{ill|The Jesuit Church at Glogau|de|Die Jesuiterkirche in G.}}" (Die Jesuiterkirche in G.)
* "{{ill|The Sanctus|de|Das Sanctus}}" (Das Sanctus)

'''Second volume'''
* "[[The Deserted House (Hoffmann)|The Deserted House]]" (Das öde Haus)
* "{{ill|The Entail|de|Das Majorat}}" (Das Majorat)
* "{{ill|The Vow (short story)|lt=The Vow|de|Das Gelübde}}" (Das Gelübde)
* "{{ill|The Agate Heart|de|Das steinerne Herz}}" (Das steinerne Herz)

==Publication==
Hoffmann began to work on ''Night Pieces'' in November 1815. It followed the model established with his previous collection ''[[Fantasy Pieces in Callot's Manner]]'' (1814–1815) and was presented on the title page as "published by the author of Fantasy Pieces in Callot's Manner" ({{langx|de|link=no|herausgegeben von dem Verfaßer der Fantasiestücke in Callots Manier}}). It was published by {{ill|Verlag Georg Reimer|de}} in Berlin. The first volume appeared in September 1816—with 1817 printed as its year—and the second in the summer of 1817.<ref name=":0">{{cite book |last=Weitin |first=Thomas |year=2009 |chapter=''Nachtstücke'' (1816/17) |editor-last=Kremer |editor-first=Detlef |title=[[E.T.A. Hoffmann. Leben – Werk – Wirkung]] |language=de |location=Berlin, New York |publisher=Walter de Gruyter |pages=161–168 |isbn=978-3-11-018382-5 }}</ref>

==Reception==
Although ''Fantasy Pieces in Callot's Manner'' had been successful, ''Night Pieces'' was largely ignored among Germans upon the publication. The first volume received a single, negative review in ''[[Allgemeine Literatur-Zeitung]]'' and the second received no printed reviews. In private correspondences, {{ill|Heinrich Voß|de|Heinrich Voß (Philologe)}} praised "The Sandman" as an inspired story but dismissed the rest of the collection for its "shudder and horror", and [[Johann Wolfgang von Goethe]] assumed it was a result of [[opium]] abuse. ''Night Pieces'' received a much more positive reception in Russia and France. Several of the individual stories eventually attracted significant analysis and "The Sandman" became one of Hoffmann's most famous works.<ref name=":0" />

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* {{wikisourcelang-inline|de|Nachtstücke}}

{{E. T. A. Hoffmann}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:1816 books]]
[[Category:1817 books]]
[[Category:1810s short story collections]]
[[Category:Short story collections by E. T. A. Hoffmann]]
[[Category:Speculative fiction short story collections]]
[[Category:German speculative fiction works]]
[[Category:German-language short story collections]]

Fantasy Pieces in Callot's Manner

Deleatur yhe — Sun, 11 Oct 2026 06:52:31 GMT

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{{short description|1814–1815 short story collection by E. T. A. Hoffmann}}
{{Infobox book
| name = Fantasy Pieces in Callot's Manner
| image = Hoffmann, E. T. A. Fantasiestücke in Callot's Manier. 1, Titelseite.jpg
| image_size =
| border =
| alt =
| caption = Title page of the first volume, 1814
| author = [[E. T. A. Hoffmann]]
| title_orig = Fantasiestücke in Callots Manier
| orig_lang_code = de
| translator =
| illustrator =
| cover_artist =
| country = [[Kingdom of Bavaria|Bavaria]]
| language = German
| subject =
| genre =
| publisher = {{ill|Carl Friedrich Kunz|de}}
| pub_date = 1814–1815
| english_pub_date =
| media_type =
| pages = {{ubl|
* 1262 (1814–1815)
* 633 (1819)
}}
}}
'''''Fantasy Pieces in Callot's Manner: Pages from the Diary of a Travelling Romantic''''' ({{langx|de|Fantasiestücke in Callots Manier. Blätter aus dem Tagebuche eines reisenden Enthusiasten}}) is the first prose collection by the Prussian writer [[E. T. A. Hoffmann]], consisting of [[Speculative fiction|fantastical]] short stories, novellas and music criticism. It was published in four volumes in 1814–1815 and in a revised two-volume version in 1819.<ref name=":0">{{cite book |last=Stockinger |first=Claudia |year=2009 |chapter=''Fantasiestücke in Callot's Manier'' (1814/15) |editor-last=Kremer |editor-first=Detlef |title=[[E.T.A. Hoffmann. Leben – Werk – Wirkung]] |language=de |location=Berlin, New York |publisher=Walter de Gruyter |pages=87–100 |isbn=978-3-11-018382-5 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last=Nock |first=Francis J. |year=1962 |title=Reviewed Work: E. T. A. Hoffmann. Fantasie- und Nachtstücke. Fantasiestücke in Callots Manier. Nachstücke. Seltsame Leiden eines Theater-Direktors |journal=[[Journal of English and Germanic Philology]] |volume=61 |issue=1 |pages=126–129 |jstor=27713964 }}</ref>

==Contents==
1819 version:

'''First volume'''
* Preface by [[Jean Paul]] (Vorrede von Jean Paul)
# "Jaques Callot"
# "[[Ritter Gluck]]" (Ritter Gluck. Eine Erinnerung aus dem Jahre 1809)
# "{{ill|Kreisleriana (texts)|lt=Kreisleriana: Nos. 1–6|de|Kreisleriana (E. T. A. Hoffmann)}}" (Kreisleriana (Erster Theil). Nro. 1 – 6)
## "The ''Kapellmeister'''s Musical Sorrows (Johannes Kreisler's, des Kapellmeisters, musikalische Leiden)
## "''Ombra Adorata!''"
## "Thoughts on the Great Value of Music" (Gedanken über den hohen Werth der Musik)
## "Beethoven's Instrumental Music" (Beethovens Instrumental-Musik)
## "Extremely Random Thoughts" (Höchst zerstreute Gedanken)
## "The Compleat Stage Manager" (Der vollkommene Maschinist)
# "[[Don Juan (Hoffmann)|Don Juan]]" (Don Juan. Eine fabelhafte Begebenheit, die sich mit einem reisenden Enthusiasten zugetragen)
# "{{ill|A Report on the Latest Adventures of the Dog Berganza|de|Nachricht von den neuesten Schicksalen des Hundes Berganza}}" (Nachricht von den neuesten Schicksalen des Hundes Berganza)

'''Second volume'''
# "{{ill|The Mesmerist|de|Der Magnetiseur (E. T. A. Hoffmann)}}" (Der Magnetiseur. Eine Familienbegebenheit)
# "[[The Golden Pot|The Golden Pot: A Modern Fairy Tale]]" (Der goldne Topf. Ein Mährchen aus der neuen Zeit. [In zwölf Vigilien])
# "{{ill|The New Year's Eve Adventure|de|Die Abenteuer der Sylvester-Nacht}}" (Die Abentheuer der Sylvester-Nacht))
# "Kreisleriana: [Second Section]" (Kreisleriana (Zweiter Theil))
## "Baron Wallborn to ''Kapellmeister'' Kreisler" (Brief des Barons Wallborn an den Kapellmeister Kreisler) (by [[Friedrich de la Motte Fouqué]])
## "''Kapellmeister'' Kreisler to Baron Wallborn" (Brief des Kapellmeisters Kreisler an den Baron Wallborn)
## "Kreisler's Musical-Poetic Club" (Kreislers musikalisch-poetischer Klubb)
## "Report from an Educated Young Man" (Nachricht von einem gebildeten jungen Mann)
## "The Music Hater" (Der Musikfeind)
## "On a Remark by Sacchini and On the Effect of Music" (Ueber einen Ausspruch Sacchini’s, und über den sogenannten Effekt in der Musik)
## "Johannes Kreisler's Apprentice Letter" (Johannes Kreislers Lehrbrief)

The original version incorporated the beginning of the novella ''{{ill|Princess Brambilla|de|Prinzessin Brambilla}}'' in "Kreisler's Musical-Poetic Club". The 1819 version omitted this story.<ref name=":0" />

==Publication==
Much of the material had been published previously in periodicals. The collection was published in four volumes by {{ill|Carl Friedrich Kunz|de}} in [[Bamberg]] in 1814 and 1815, and in a revised two-volume version in 1819.<ref name=":0" /> The initiative to include the name of the 17th-century printmaker [[Jacques Callot]] in the title came from Kunze. Hoffmann knew little about Callot and his work at the time, but at Kunze's suggestion he looked through a collection of Callot's prints, enjoyed them and wrote an essay about Callot that opens the book.<ref>{{cite book |last=Schmidt |first=Olaf |year=2003 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OvYn-o5SrtUC&pg=PA88 |title='Callots fantastisch karikierte Blätter': Intermediale Inszenierungen und romantische Kunsttheorie im Werk E.T.A. Hoffmanns |series=Philologische Studien und Quellen |language=de |volume=181 |location=Berlin |publisher=Erich Schmidt Verlag |page=88 |isbn=9783503061822 }}</ref> Kunze was also the one who got [[Jean Paul]] to write a preface.<ref name=":0" />

==Legacy==
The book established the model for stories that Hoffmann would follow and develop further in his collections ''[[Night Pieces]]'' (1816–1817) and ''[[The Serapion Brethren (story collection)|The Serapion Brethren]]'' (1819–1821).<ref name=":0" />

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* {{wikisourcelang-inline|de|Fantasiestücke in Callot’s Manier}}

{{E. T. A. Hoffmann}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:1814 books]]
[[Category:1815 books]]
[[Category:1810s short story collections]]
[[Category:Short story collections by E. T. A. Hoffmann]]
[[Category:Speculative fiction short story collections]]
[[Category:German speculative fiction works]]

Étienne Pivert de Senancour

Deleatur yhe — Fri, 09 Oct 2026 08:28:50 GMT

In music and poetry

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	Senancour was tinged to some extent with the older [[philosophe]] form of [[Free thought\|free-thinking]], and had no sympathy with the [[Catholic]] reaction. Having no resources but his pen, Senancour was driven to hack-work during the period which elapsed between his return to France (1803) and his death at Saint-Cloud; but some of the charm of ''Obermann'' is to be found in the ''[[Libres Méditations d'un solitaire inconnu]]''. [[Adolphe Thiers\|Thiers]] and [[Abel-François Villemain\|Villemain]] successively obtained for Senancour from [[Louis-Philippe of France\|Louis Philippe]] pensions which enabled him to pass his last days in comfort. Senancour also authored the comedic drama ''[[Valombré]]'' (1807), and late in life wrote a second novel in letters entitled ''[[Isabelle (novel)\|Isabelle]]'' (1833). He composed his own epitaph, "''Eternité, sois mon asile''".		Senancour was tinged to some extent with the older [[philosophe]] form of [[Free thought\|free-thinking]], and had no sympathy with the [[Catholic]] reaction. Having no resources but his pen, Senancour was driven to hack-work during the period which elapsed between his return to France (1803) and his death at Saint-Cloud; but some of the charm of ''Obermann'' is to be found in the ''[[Libres Méditations d'un solitaire inconnu]]''. [[Adolphe Thiers\|Thiers]] and [[Abel-François Villemain\|Villemain]] successively obtained for Senancour from [[Louis-Philippe of France\|Louis Philippe]] pensions which enabled him to pass his last days in comfort. Senancour also authored the comedic drama ''[[Valombré]]'' (1807), and late in life wrote a second novel in letters entitled ''[[Isabelle (novel)\|Isabelle]]'' (1833). He composed his own epitaph, "''Eternité, sois mon asile''".

	~~''Obermann'' has been translated into English three times: in its entirety by [[A. E. Waite]] (1903) and J. Anthony Barnes (1910), and in selections by Jessie Peabody Frothingham (1901).~~

	==In music and poetry==		==In music and poetry==
	Between 1848 and 1854, [[Franz Liszt]] composed ''Vallée d'Obermann'', one of the pieces for piano of the suite ''Première année: Suisse'', from the œuvre ''[[Années de pèlerinage]]'', inspired by Senancour's most famous novel.		Between 1848 and 1854, [[Franz Liszt]] composed ''Vallée d'Obermann'', one of the pieces for piano of the suite ''Première année: Suisse'', from the œuvre ''[[Années de pèlerinage]]'', inspired by Senancour's most famous novel.<ref>[https://www.allmusic.com/composition/ann%C3%A9es-de-p%C3%A8lerinage-1st-year-suisse-suite-for-piano-s-160-lw-a159-mc0002355444 ''Années de pèlerinage'', 1st Year ("Suisse"), suite for piano, S. 160 (LW A159) at AllMusic]</ref>

	Senancour is immortalized for English readers in two poems by [[Matthew Arnold]] entitled ''Stanzas in Memory of the Author of Obermann''(1849) and ''Obermann Once More'' (1867)''.''		Senancour is immortalized for English readers in two poems by [[Matthew Arnold]] entitled "Stanzas in Memory of the Author of Obermann" (1849) and "Obermann Once More" (1867)'';'' Obermann is also mentioned in Arnold's "Stanzas from the Grande Chartreuse."<ref>[https://archive.org/details/bwb_KO-918-218/ Matthew Arnold, ''The Poems of Matthew Arnold'' (Longmans Annotated English Poets)(London: Longman, Green & Co Ltd, 1965).]</ref>

	==Works==		==Works==
	* (1792) ''Les Premiers Ages. Incertitudes humaines''		* (1792) ''[https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b8614606m '''Les Premiers Ages. Incertitudes humaines''']''
	* (1793) ''Sur les Générations actuelles, absurdités humaines''		* (1793) ''[https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k1040201c '''Sur les Générations actuelles, absurdités humaines''']''
	* (~~1795~~) ''Aldomen ou le bonheur dans l'obscurité''		* (1794) ''[https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k118989k '''Aldomen ou le bonheur dans l'obscurité''']''
	* (~~1799~~) ''Rêveries sur la nature primitive de l'homme''		* (1797) '''''[https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k105088b Rêveries sur la nature primitive de l'homme]'''''
	* (1804) ''Oberman'' (changed to ''Obermann'' in subsequent editions)		* (1804) ''Oberman'' (changed to ''Obermann'' in subsequent editions)
	* (1806) ''De l'amour''		* (1806) ''De l'amour''

Obermann (novel)

Deleatur yhe — Fri, 09 Oct 2026 07:42:41 GMT

Created page with "''Obermann'' has been translated into English three times: in its entirety by A. E. Waite (1903) and J. Anthony Barnes (1910), and in selections by Jessie Peabody Frothingham (1901)."

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''Obermann'' has been translated into English three times: in its entirety by [[A. E. Waite]] (1903) and J. Anthony Barnes (1910), and in selections by Jessie Peabody Frothingham (1901).

Étienne Pivert de Senancour

Deleatur yhe — Fri, 09 Oct 2026 07:41:22 GMT

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	'''Étienne Pivert de Senancour''' (sometimes written '''Sénancour''', 5/6 November 1770–10 January 1846){{refn\|group=lower-alpha\|There is some confusion as to Senancour’s exact name. It sometimes appears as “Étienne Jean Baptiste Pierre Ignace Pivert de Senancour,” even with the title of vicomte attached to it, but there is no surviving, definitive birth record for him, the civil registers for the years preceding 1860 all having been destroyed during the Paris Commune in May 1871. His biographer Merlant spells Senancour with an ''accent aigu'' over the ''e''; the Bibliotheque Nationale lists him in their records simply as “Étienne Pivert de Senancour.”}} was a [[France\|French]] [[~~essay~~\|essayist]] remembered primarily for his [[epistolary novel]] ''[[Obermann (novel)\|Obermann]]''. He also wrote using the [[~~pen~~ name\|pseudonyms]] ''Le citoyen Pivert'', ''Rêveur des Alpes'', and ''Le solitaire des Vosges''.<ref name=":0">Joachim Merlant, ''Sénancour: (1770-1846): poète, penseur religieux et publiciste: sa vie, son oeuvre, son influence: documents inconnus ou inédits'' (Paris: Fischbacher, 1907).</ref><ref>H.G. Schenk, ''The Mind of the European Romantics'' (New York: Frederick Ungar Publishing Co., 1966), xx.</ref><ref>Cherie D. Abbey & Janet Mullane (eds.), N''ineteenth-Century Literature Critcism, Vol. 16: Exccerpts from Criticism of the Works of Novelists, Poets, Playwrights, Short Story Writers, Philosophers, and Other Creative Writers Who Died Between 1800 and 1899, from the First Published Critical Appraisals to Current Evaluations'' (Detroit: Gale Research Company, 1987), 416.</ref><ref>Étienne Pivert de Senancour, ''Aldomen, ou Le bonheur dans l'obscurité'' (Paris: Chez Leprieur, Libraire, 1794).</ref>		'''Étienne Pivert de Senancour''' (sometimes written '''Sénancour''', 5/6 November 1770–10 January 1846){{refn\|group=lower-alpha\|There is some confusion as to Senancour’s exact name. It sometimes appears as “Étienne Jean Baptiste Pierre Ignace Pivert de Senancour,” even with the title of vicomte attached to it, but there is no surviving, definitive birth record for him, the civil registers for the years preceding 1860 all having been destroyed during the Paris Commune in May 1871. His biographer Merlant spells Senancour with an ''accent aigu'' over the ''e''; the Bibliotheque Nationale lists him in their records simply as “Étienne Pivert de Senancour.”}} was a [[France\|French]] [[Essay\|essayist]] remembered primarily for his [[epistolary novel]] ''[[Obermann (novel)\|Obermann]]''. He also wrote using the [[Pen name\|pseudonyms]] ''Le citoyen Pivert'', ''Rêveur des Alpes'', and ''Le solitaire des Vosges''.<ref name=":0">Joachim Merlant, ''Sénancour: (1770-1846): poète, penseur religieux et publiciste: sa vie, son oeuvre, son influence: documents inconnus ou inédits'' (Paris: Fischbacher, 1907).</ref><ref>H.G. Schenk, ''The Mind of the European Romantics'' (New York: Frederick Ungar Publishing Co., 1966), xx.</ref><ref>Cherie D. Abbey & Janet Mullane (eds.), N''ineteenth-Century Literature Critcism, Vol. 16: Exccerpts from Criticism of the Works of Novelists, Poets, Playwrights, Short Story Writers, Philosophers, and Other Creative Writers Who Died Between 1800 and 1899, from the First Published Critical Appraisals to Current Evaluations'' (Detroit: Gale Research Company, 1987), 416.</ref><ref>Étienne Pivert de Senancour, ''Aldomen, ou Le bonheur dans l'obscurité'' (Paris: Chez Leprieur, Libraire, 1794).</ref>

	==Life==		==Life==
	Senancour was born in Paris, the only child of first cousins Claude-Laurent and Marie-Catherine Pivert. His father, a ''contrôleur alternatif des Rentes de l’Hôtel de Ville'',{{refn\|group=lower-alpha\|An official whose job it was to check the validity of interest payments.}} having purchased the office in 1774, added “de Senancour” to his surname. His parents shared a deep devotion to Catholicism, but came to regret their marriage and instead both wished for the life of the cloister, a calling they hoped their son might follow instead. Senancour’s mother provided her son with a Jansenist education, before sending him to a boarding school near Ermenonville. His father was emotionally distant, while by contrast his mother was frequently fussy and overly attentive; the result was a melancholy childhood filled with boredom and solitude. The family was quite wealthy, and lived on the Rue Saint-Denis, near Saint-Sépulcre, the Church of the Holy Sepulchre.<ref name=":0" /><ref>Michel Orcel, "Rêveries d’un corps dans les Alpes (Senancour)" (Éditions Belin: ''Po&sie'' 2006/2 N° 116), 124.</ref><ref>[https://essentiels.bnf.fr/fr/article/e3f412b0-45d5-46db-bab2-c3707185e4dd-etienne-senancour-melancolique-et-preromantique "Étienne de Senancour, mélancolique et préromantique"] at BnF Essentiels.</ref><ref>Jean-Marc Vasseur. “Étienne Pivert de Senancour dans le Valois.” ''Revue d’Histoire Littéraire de La France'' 115, no. 1 (2015): 169–89. <nowiki>http://www.jstor.org/stable/24722107</nowiki>.</ref>		Senancour was born in [[Paris]], the only child of first cousins Claude-Laurent and Marie-Catherine Pivert. His father, a ''contrôleur alternatif des Rentes de l’Hôtel de Ville'',{{refn\|group=lower-alpha\|An official whose job it was to check the validity of interest payments.}} having purchased the office in 1774, added “de Senancour” to his surname. His parents shared a deep devotion to [[Catholicism]], but came to regret their marriage and instead both wished for the life of the [[cloister]], a calling they hoped their son might follow instead. Senancour’s mother provided her son with a [[Jansenist]] education, before sending him to a [[boarding school]] near [[Ermenonville]]. His father was emotionally distant, while by contrast his mother was frequently fussy and overly attentive; the result was a melancholy childhood filled with boredom and solitude. The family was quite wealthy, and lived on the [[Rue Saint-Denis]], near [[Saint-Sépulcre]], the Church of the Holy Sepulchre.<ref name=":0" /><ref>Michel Orcel, "Rêveries d’un corps dans les Alpes (Senancour)" (Éditions Belin: ''Po&sie'' 2006/2 N° 116), 124.</ref><ref>[https://essentiels.bnf.fr/fr/article/e3f412b0-45d5-46db-bab2-c3707185e4dd-etienne-senancour-melancolique-et-preromantique "Étienne de Senancour, mélancolique et préromantique"] at BnF Essentiels.</ref><ref>Jean-Marc Vasseur. “Étienne Pivert de Senancour dans le Valois.” ''Revue d’Histoire Littéraire de La France'' 115, no. 1 (2015): 169–89. <nowiki>http://www.jstor.org/stable/24722107</nowiki>.</ref>

	Senancour studied with a [[curé]] in the vicinity of [[Ermenonville]] before being sent to the [[University of Paris\|Collège de la Marche]]. His father wanted him to enter the seminary of [[Saint-Sulpice (Paris)\|Saint-Sulpice]] to become a [[priest]]. To avoid a profession for which he had no vocation, Senancour, with the help of his mother, fled to Switzerland in 1789. On 11 September 1790, he married Marie-Françoise Daguet with whom he had two children: a daughter [[Eulalie de Senancour\|Eulalie]] (1791) who would later follow in her father's footsteps and become a writer, and a son, Florian-Julien (1793), who went on to pursue a career in the military.{{Citation needed\|date=December 2019}} The marriage was not a happy one; his wife refused to accompany him to the Alpine solitude he desired, and they settled in [[Fribourg]].~~{{sfn\|Chisholm\|1911}}~~		Senancour studied with a [[curé]] in the vicinity of [[Ermenonville]] before being sent to the [[University of Paris\|Collège de la Marche]]. His father wanted him to enter the seminary of [[Saint-Sulpice (Paris)\|Saint-Sulpice]] to become a [[priest]]. To avoid a profession for which he had no vocation, Senancour, with the help of his mother, fled to Switzerland in 1789. On 11 September 1790, he married Marie-Françoise Daguet with whom he had two children: a daughter [[Eulalie de Senancour\|Eulalie]] (1791) who would later follow in her father's footsteps and become a writer, and a son, Florian-Julien (1793), who went on to pursue a career in the military.{{Citation needed\|date=December 2019}} The marriage was not a happy one; his wife refused to accompany him to the Alpine solitude he desired, and they settled in [[Fribourg]].

	His absence from France at the outbreak of the [[French Revolution\|Revolution]] was interpreted as hostility to the new government, and his name was included in the list of [[émigrés]]. He visited France from time to time by stealth, but he only succeeded in saving the remnants of a considerable fortune. In 1799 he published in Paris his ''[[Rêveries sur la nature primitive de l'homme]]'', a book containing impassioned descriptive passages which mark him out as a precursor of the [[romantic movement]]. His parents and his wife died before the close of the century, and Senancour was in Paris in 1801 when he began ''Obermann'', which was finished in Switzerland two years later, and printed in 1804. This singular book, which has never lost its popularity with a limited class of readers, was followed in the next year by a treatise ''[[De l'amour (1806 book)\|De l'amour]]'', in which he attacked the accepted social conventions.~~{{sfn\|Chisholm\|1911}}~~ During this period, he worked at the magazine ''[[Mercure de France]]'' where he made the acquaintance of [[Louis-Sébastien Mercier]] and [[Charles Nodier]].		His absence from France at the outbreak of the [[French Revolution\|Revolution]] was interpreted as hostility to the new government, and his name was included in the list of [[émigrés]]. He visited France from time to time by stealth, but he only succeeded in saving the remnants of a considerable fortune. In 1799 he published in Paris his ''[[Rêveries sur la nature primitive de l'homme]]'', a book containing impassioned descriptive passages which mark him out as a precursor of the [[romantic movement]]. His parents and his wife died before the close of the century, and Senancour was in Paris in 1801 when he began ''Obermann'', which was finished in Switzerland two years later, and printed in 1804. This singular book, which has never lost its popularity with a limited class of readers, was followed in the next year by a treatise ''[[De l'amour (1806 book)\|De l'amour]]'', in which he attacked the accepted social conventions. During this period, he worked at the magazine ''[[Mercure de France]]'' where he made the acquaintance of [[Louis-Sébastien Mercier]] and [[Charles Nodier]].

	Senancour might have spent his life writing in complete obscurity were it not for a charge leveled against him by a public prosecutor for slandering religion in the second edition of his ''Résumé de l'histoire des traditions morales et religieuses'' (1827) wherein he described [[Jesus]] as a "youthful sage". He was initially found guilty and sentenced to nine months in prison and fined 300 francs, but the penalties were dropped on appeal. Attention to the case from the liberal press increased Senancour's standing, and many of his works were rediscovered and republished. The author revised and expanded ''Obermann'' for the 1833 edition.		Senancour might have spent his life writing in complete obscurity were it not for a charge leveled against him by a public prosecutor for slandering religion in the second edition of his ''Résumé de l'histoire des traditions morales et religieuses'' (1827) wherein he described [[Jesus]] as a "youthful sage". He was initially found guilty and sentenced to nine months in prison and fined 300 francs, but the penalties were dropped on appeal. Attention to the case from the liberal press increased Senancour's standing, and many of his works were rediscovered and republished. The author revised and expanded ''Obermann'' for the 1833 edition.

	''Obermann'', which is to a great extent inspired by [[Jean-Jacques Rousseau\|Rousseau]], was edited and praised successively by [[Charles Augustin Sainte-Beuve\|Sainte-Beuve]] and by [[George Sand]], and had a considerable influence both in France and England. It is a series of letters supposed to be written by a [[Solitude\|solitary]] and [[Melancholia\|melancholy]] person, whose headquarters are placed in a lonely valley of the [[Jura mountains\|Jura]]. The idiosyncrasy of the book in the large class of [[The Sorrows of Young Werther\|Wertherian]]-[[George Gordon Byron, 6th Baron Byron\|Byronic]] literature consists in the fact that the hero, instead of feeling the vanity of things, recognizes his own inability to be and do what he wishes. Danish literary critic [[Georg Morris Cohen Brandes\|Georg Brandes]] pointed out that while [[François-René de Chateaubriand\|Chateaubriand]]'s [[novella]] [[René (novella)\|''René'']] was appreciated by some of the ruling spirits of the century, ''Obermann'' was understood only by highly gifted, sensitive temperaments, usually strangers to success.~~{{sfn\|Chisholm\|1911}}~~		''Obermann'', which is to a great extent inspired by [[Jean-Jacques Rousseau\|Rousseau]], was edited and praised successively by [[Charles Augustin Sainte-Beuve\|Sainte-Beuve]] and by [[George Sand]], and had a considerable influence both in France and England. It is a series of letters supposed to be written by a [[Solitude\|solitary]] and [[Melancholia\|melancholy]] person, whose headquarters are placed in a lonely valley of the [[Jura mountains\|Jura]]. The idiosyncrasy of the book in the large class of [[The Sorrows of Young Werther\|Wertherian]]-[[George Gordon Byron, 6th Baron Byron\|Byronic]] literature consists in the fact that the hero, instead of feeling the vanity of things, recognizes his own inability to be and do what he wishes. Danish literary critic [[Georg Morris Cohen Brandes\|Georg Brandes]] pointed out that while [[François-René de Chateaubriand\|Chateaubriand]]'s [[novella]] [[René (novella)\|''René'']] was appreciated by some of the ruling spirits of the century, ''Obermann'' was understood only by highly gifted, sensitive temperaments, usually strangers to success.

	Senancour was tinged to some extent with the older [[philosophe]] form of [[Free thought\|free-thinking]], and had no sympathy with the [[Catholic]] reaction. Having no resources but his pen, Senancour was driven to hack-work during the period which elapsed between his return to France (1803) and his death at Saint-Cloud; but some of the charm of ''Obermann'' is to be found in the ''[[Libres Méditations d'un solitaire inconnu]]''. [[Adolphe Thiers\|Thiers]] and [[Abel-François Villemain\|Villemain]] successively obtained for Senancour from [[Louis-Philippe of France\|Louis Philippe]] pensions which enabled him to pass his last days in comfort. Senancour also authored the comedic drama ''[[Valombré]]'' (1807), and late in life wrote a second novel in letters entitled ''[[Isabelle (novel)\|Isabelle]]'' (1833). He composed his own epitaph, "''Eternité, sois mon asile''".~~{{sfn\|Chisholm\|1911}}~~		Senancour was tinged to some extent with the older [[philosophe]] form of [[Free thought\|free-thinking]], and had no sympathy with the [[Catholic]] reaction. Having no resources but his pen, Senancour was driven to hack-work during the period which elapsed between his return to France (1803) and his death at Saint-Cloud; but some of the charm of ''Obermann'' is to be found in the ''[[Libres Méditations d'un solitaire inconnu]]''. [[Adolphe Thiers\|Thiers]] and [[Abel-François Villemain\|Villemain]] successively obtained for Senancour from [[Louis-Philippe of France\|Louis Philippe]] pensions which enabled him to pass his last days in comfort. Senancour also authored the comedic drama ''[[Valombré]]'' (1807), and late in life wrote a second novel in letters entitled ''[[Isabelle (novel)\|Isabelle]]'' (1833). He composed his own epitaph, "''Eternité, sois mon asile''".

	~~Senancour is immortalized for~~ English ~~readers~~ in ~~two poems~~ by [[~~Matthew Arnold~~]] ~~entitled ''Stanzas~~ in ~~Memory of the Author of Obermann'' and ''Obermann Once More~~.''		''Obermann'' has been translated into English three times: in its entirety by [[A. E. Waite]] (1903) and J. Anthony Barnes (1910), and in selections by Jessie Peabody Frothingham (1901).

	~~''Obermann'' has been translated into English three times: in its entirety by~~ [[~~A. E. Waite~~]] ~~(1903) and J. Anthony Barnes (1910), and in selections by Jessie Peabody Frothingham (1901).<ref>See the preface by Sainte-Beuve to his edition (1833, 2 vols.) of~~ ''Obermann'', ~~and two articles~~ ''~~Portraits contemporains~~'' ~~(vol. 1);~~ ''~~Un Précurseur: Senancour'' (1897) by~~ [[~~Jules Levallois~~]]~~, who received much information from Senancour's daughter, Eulalie de Senancour, herself a journalist and novelist; a biographical and critical study ''Senancour~~'', by ~~J. Merlant (1907); and ''~~Senancour~~, dernier disciple de Rousseau~~'~~' by [[Zvi Lévy]]~~.~~</ref>~~		==In music and poetry==
			Between 1848 and 1854, [[Franz Liszt]] composed ''Vallée d'Obermann'', one of the pieces for piano of the suite ''Première année: Suisse'', from the œuvre ''[[Années de pèlerinage]]'', inspired by Senancour's most famous novel.

	~~==In music==~~		Senancour is immortalized for English readers in two poems by [[Matthew Arnold]] entitled ''Stanzas in Memory of the Author of Obermann''(1849) and ''Obermann Once More'' (1867)''.''
	~~Between 1848 and 1854,~~ [[~~Franz Liszt~~]] ~~composed ''Vallée d'Obermann~~''~~, one~~ of the ~~pieces for piano~~ of ~~the suite~~ ''~~Première année: Suisse~~''~~, from the œuvre~~ ''~~[[Années de pèlerinage]]~~''~~, inspired by Senancour~~'~~s most famous novel.~~

	==Works==		==Works==
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	{{Reflist}}		{{Reflist}}
	{{EB1911\|wstitle=Senancour, Étienne Pivert de\|volume=24\|page=634}}		{{EB1911\|wstitle=Senancour, Étienne Pivert de\|volume=24\|page=634}}

	==External links==		==External links==
	~~{{NIE Poster\|Senancour, Étienne Pivert de\|Étienne Pivert de Senancour}}~~
	* {{Internet Archive author\|sname=Étienne-Jean-Baptiste-Pierre-Ignace Pivert de Senancour \|sopt=w}}		* {{Internet Archive author\|sname=Étienne-Jean-Baptiste-Pierre-Ignace Pivert de Senancour \|sopt=w}}
	* [http://www.culture.gouv.fr/culture/actualites/celebrations2004/senancour.htm Célébrations nationales 2004: Senancour publie Oberman]

	{{Romanticism}}		{{Romanticism}}

← Older revision		Revision as of 07:27, 16 October 2026
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	Senancour was born in [[Paris]], the only child of first cousins Claude-Laurent and Marie-Catherine Pivert. His father, a ''contrôleur alternatif des Rentes de l’Hôtel de Ville'',{{refn\|group=lower-alpha\|An official whose job it was to check the validity of interest payments. The position also conferred upon him the title of ''[[conseiller du roi]].''}} having purchased the office in 1774, added “de Senancour” to his surname. His parents shared a deep devotion to [[Catholicism]], but came to regret their marriage and instead both wished for the life of the [[cloister]], a calling they hoped their son might follow instead. Senancour’s mother provided her son with a [[Jansenist]] education, before sending him to the [[University of Paris\|Collège de la Marche]]. His father was emotionally distant, while by contrast his mother was frequently fussy and overly attentive; the result was a melancholy childhood filled with boredom and solitude. The family was quite wealthy, and lived on the [[Rue Saint-Denis]], near [[Saint-Sépulcre]], the Church of the Holy Sepulchre.<ref name=":0" /><ref>Michel Orcel, "Rêveries d’un corps dans les Alpes (Senancour)" (Éditions Belin: ''Po&sie'' 2006/2 N° 116), 124.</ref><ref>[https://essentiels.bnf.fr/fr/article/e3f412b0-45d5-46db-bab2-c3707185e4dd-etienne-senancour-melancolique-et-preromantique "Étienne de Senancour, mélancolique et préromantique"] at BnF Essentiels.</ref><ref>Jean-Marc Vasseur. “Étienne Pivert de Senancour dans le Valois.” ''Revue d’Histoire Littéraire de La France'' 115, no. 1 (2015): 169–89. <nowiki>http://www.jstor.org/stable/24722107</nowiki>.</ref>		Senancour was born in [[Paris]], the only child of first cousins Claude-Laurent and Marie-Catherine Pivert. His father, a ''contrôleur alternatif des Rentes de l’Hôtel de Ville'',{{refn\|group=lower-alpha\|An official whose job it was to check the validity of interest payments. The position also conferred upon him the title of ''[[conseiller du roi]].''}} having purchased the office in 1774, added “de Senancour” to his surname. His parents shared a deep devotion to [[Catholicism]], but came to regret their marriage and instead both wished for the life of the [[cloister]], a calling they hoped their son might follow instead. Senancour’s mother provided her son with a [[Jansenist]] education, before sending him to the [[University of Paris\|Collège de la Marche]]. His father was emotionally distant, while by contrast his mother was frequently fussy and overly attentive; the result was a melancholy childhood filled with boredom and solitude. The family was quite wealthy, and lived on the [[Rue Saint-Denis]], near [[Saint-Sépulcre]], the Church of the Holy Sepulchre.<ref name=":0" /><ref>Michel Orcel, "Rêveries d’un corps dans les Alpes (Senancour)" (Éditions Belin: ''Po&sie'' 2006/2 N° 116), 124.</ref><ref>[https://essentiels.bnf.fr/fr/article/e3f412b0-45d5-46db-bab2-c3707185e4dd-etienne-senancour-melancolique-et-preromantique "Étienne de Senancour, mélancolique et préromantique"] at BnF Essentiels.</ref><ref>Jean-Marc Vasseur. “Étienne Pivert de Senancour dans le Valois.” ''Revue d’Histoire Littéraire de La France'' 115, no. 1 (2015): 169–89. <nowiki>http://www.jstor.org/stable/24722107</nowiki>.</ref>

	Senancour ~~spent~~ four unhappy years at the Collège de la Marche, where he felt out of place and withdrew further into himself. When he was not at school or at home, he studied with a [[curé]] who lived in the vicinity of [[Ermenonville]] or [[Senlis]]. This would prove to be an important turning point in his life: it was here that Senancour discovered his love of nature, of solitude, and the philosophy of [[Jean-Jacques Rousseau\|Rousseau]]. His father wanted him to enter the seminary of [[Saint-Sulpice (Paris)\|Saint-Sulpice]] to become a [[priest]]. To avoid a profession for which he had no vocation, Senancour, with the help of his mother, fled to Switzerland in 1789. On 11 September 1790, he married Marie-Françoise Daguet with whom he had two children: a daughter [[Eulalie de Senancour\|Eulalie]] (1791) who would later follow in her father's footsteps and become a writer, and a son, Florian-Julien (1793), who went on to pursue a career in the military. The marriage was not a happy one; his wife refused to accompany him to the Alpine solitude he desired, and they settled in [[Fribourg]].<ref name=":0" />		In 1785, Senancour began four unhappy years at the Collège de la Marche, where he felt out of place and withdrew further into himself. When he was not at school or at home, he studied with a [[curé]] who lived in the vicinity of [[Ermenonville]] or [[Senlis]]. This would prove to be an important turning point in his life: it was here that Senancour discovered his love of nature, of solitude, and the philosophy of [[Jean-Jacques Rousseau\|Rousseau]]. His father wanted him to enter the seminary of [[Saint-Sulpice (Paris)\|Saint-Sulpice]] to become a [[priest]]. To avoid a profession for which he had no vocation, Senancour, with the help of his mother, fled to Switzerland in 1789. On 11 September 1790, he married Marie-Françoise Daguet with whom he had two children: a daughter [[Eulalie de Senancour\|Eulalie]] (1791) who would later follow in her father's footsteps and become a writer, and a son, Florian-Julien (1793), who went on to pursue a career in the military. The marriage was not a happy one; his wife refused to accompany him to the Alpine solitude he desired, and they settled in [[Fribourg]].<ref name=":0" />

	His absence from France at the outbreak of the [[French Revolution\|Revolution]] was interpreted as hostility to the new government, and his name was included in the list of [[émigrés]]. He visited France from time to time by stealth, but he only succeeded in saving the remnants of a considerable fortune. In 1799 he published in Paris his ''[[Rêveries sur la nature primitive de l'homme]]'', a book containing impassioned descriptive passages which mark him out as a precursor of the [[romantic movement]]. His parents and his wife died before the close of the century, and Senancour was in Paris in 1801 when he began ''Obermann'', which was finished in Switzerland two years later, and printed in 1804. This singular book, which has never lost its popularity with a limited class of readers, was followed in the next year by a treatise ''[[De l'amour (1806 book)\|De l'amour]]'', in which he attacked the accepted social conventions. During this period, he worked at the magazine ''[[Mercure de France]]'' where he made the acquaintance of [[Louis-Sébastien Mercier]] and [[Charles Nodier]].		His absence from France at the outbreak of the [[French Revolution\|Revolution]] was interpreted as hostility to the new government, and his name was included in the list of [[émigrés]]. He visited France from time to time by stealth, but he only succeeded in saving the remnants of a considerable fortune. In 1799 he published in Paris his ''[[Rêveries sur la nature primitive de l'homme]]'', a book containing impassioned descriptive passages which mark him out as a precursor of the [[romantic movement]]. His parents and his wife died before the close of the century, and Senancour was in Paris in 1801 when he began ''Obermann'', which was finished in Switzerland two years later, and printed in 1804. This singular book, which has never lost its popularity with a limited class of readers, was followed in the next year by a treatise ''[[De l'amour (1806 book)\|De l'amour]]'', in which he attacked the accepted social conventions. During this period, he worked at the magazine ''[[Mercure de France]]'' where he made the acquaintance of [[Louis-Sébastien Mercier]] and [[Charles Nodier]].