View source for Template:Sfnp/doc

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{{lua|Module:Footnotes}}
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The '''shortened footnote with parentheses template''' <nowiki>{{</nowiki>'''sfnp'''<nowiki>}}</nowiki> or '''shortened footnote with brackets template'''<!--British English--> <nowiki>{{</nowiki>'''sfnb'''<nowiki>}}</nowiki> creates a short [[WP:Harvard reference|author–date citation]] in a footnote. It is used to create {{sfnote|lc=y}}, a [[WP:CITESTYLE|citation style]] which pairs a short, author-date citation in a footnote with a [[WP:HOWCITE|complete citation]] in the references section at the end of the article (see example [[#Example|below]]). This citation style is used to simplify multiple citations to the same source and to reduce clutter in the edit window.

It works exactly like the basic {{tlb|sfn}} template, except that it puts parentheses <code>()</code> around the year, a bit like the way that full citations appear in (e.g.) [[APA style]].  It is a stylistic alternative to {{tlb|sfn}}.
{{markup|
<nowiki>
Article text.{{sfn|Smith|2020|p=25}}
{{reflist}}
</nowiki>|
Article text.{{sfn|Smith|2020|p=25}}
{{reflist}}
|<nowiki>
Article text.{{sfnp|Smith|2020|p=25}}
{{reflist}}
</nowiki>|
Article text.{{sfnp|Smith|2020|p=25}}
{{reflist}}

}}

{{tl|Sfn}}'s documentation includes an extensive collection of workarounds and solutions to common problems, and these will work equally well with '''sfnp'''.

Note that the use (or even non-use) of these templates is an element of citation "style", and adding or removing them in articles with an established style should be consistent with that style. See [[WP:CITEVAR]].

==Usage==
'''Sfnp''' generates an "author-date" style short-cite from the following parameters:

<div style="margin-left: 2em"><code>{{<nowiki>sfnp</nowiki>| &lt;{{var|last1}}*> | &lt;{{var|last2}}> | &lt;{{var|last3}}> | &lt;{{var|last4}}> | &lt;{{var|year}}*> | p= &lt;{{var|page}}> | loc= &lt;{{var|location}}> &#125;&#125;</code></div>

with
* &lt;{{var|last1}}> – required; surname of first author or corporate author
* &lt;{{var|last2}}>–&lt;{{var|last4}}> – positional parameters; surnames of next three authors; required if available in the full citation
* &lt;{{var|year}}> – required; four-digit year; may have a lowercase disambiguation letter, like {{pval|2012a}}
* {{para|p}} – specific page referenced in the source (alias: {{para|page}}{{hairspace}})
* {{para|pp}} – comma-separated list of [[Template:Csdoc#pages|individual pages and / or range(s) of pages]] referenced in the source  (alias: {{para|pages}}{{hairspace}})
* {{para|loc}} – in-source location when {{para|p}} and {{para|pp}} are inappropriate; may be used to supplement {{para|p}} and {{para|pp}}; information such as a section or figure number. (alias: {{para|at}}{{hairspace}})

=== Example ===
Typical usage is shown in the example below. The text and the footnote are connected by a bi-directional link – clicking on the superscript takes the reader to the footnote, clicking on the footnote number takes them back to the superscript. The clicking on the short citation takes them to the full citation in the references section.

'''Sfnp''' will also automatically combine identical footnotes.

{{markup|tag=syntaxhighlight|<nowiki>
Article text.{{sfnp|Smith|2020|p=25}}
More article text.{{sfnp|Smith|2020|p=25}}
Still more article text.{{sfnp|Smith|2020|p=26}}

==Notes==
{{reflist}}

==References==
* {{cite book
 | last = Smith | first = John
 | date = 2020
 | title = Smith's Book
}}
</nowiki>|
Article text.{{sfnp|Smith|2020|p=25}}
More article text.{{sfnp|Smith|2020|p=25}}
Still more article text.{{sfnp|Smith|2020|p=26}}

{{fake notes and references||}}
{{cite book
 | last = Smith | first = John
 | date = 2020
 | title = Smith's Book
}}}}

Template '''sfnp''' is not placed inside {{tag|ref}} tags and generates the footnote internally. (To place '''sfnp''' in a footnote, see [[#A citation inside an explanatory footnote|putting a citation inside a footnote]], below.)

===Parameters===

====Author(s) and year====
The first four author surnames (or all authors if fewer than four; use the values from {{para|last''N''}} or {{para|author''N''}}{{hairspace}}) are required, followed by the year of publication (from {{para|year}} or {{para|date}}). Authors past the fourth must be omitted or an error will result.

The [[Template:sfn/doc#Possible issues with author-date link|possible issues]] section in {{tl|sfn}} describes workarounds for various common problems, such as [[Template:sfn/doc#Large number of authors|large number of authors]], [[Template:sfn/doc#No author name in citation template|no author name]], [[Template:sfn/doc#More than one work in a year|multiple works in the same year]], [[Template:sfn/doc#Two sources with same last names and years|two sources with same last names and years]] and others.

{{markup|tag=syntaxhighlight
|<nowiki>Article text.{{sfnp|Smith|1994|p=25}}</nowiki>
|Article text.{{sfnp|Smith|1994|p=25}}<br />
{{reflist}}
|<nowiki>Article text.{{sfnp|Smith|Jones|1994|p=25}}</nowiki>
|Article text.{{sfnp|Smith|Jones|1994|p=25}}<br />
{{reflist}}
|<nowiki>Article text.{{sfnp|Smith|Jones|Brown|1994|p=25}}</nowiki>
|Article text.{{sfnp|Smith|Jones|Brown|1994|p=25}}<br />
{{reflist}}
|<nowiki>Article text.{{sfnp|Smith|Jones|Brown|Black|1994|p=25}}</nowiki>
|Article text.{{sfnp|Smith|Jones|Brown|Black|1994|p=25}}<br />
{{reflist}}
}}

====Location in the source text====
Use {{para|p}} for single pages; use {{para|pp}} for multiple pages (such as ranges). Use of {{para|p}} for multiple pages or {{para|pp}} for single pages can cause [[Help:Cite errors/Cite error references duplicate key|cite errors]]. 

{{para|loc}} can be used to specify a location in the source in another way, such as section numbers or chapters. It can also be combined with {{para|p}} or {{para|pp}}.

{{markup|tag=syntaxhighlight
|<nowiki>Article text.{{sfnp|Smith|2020|p=25}}</nowiki>
|Article text.{{sfnp|Smith|2020|p=25}}<br />
{{reflist}}
|<nowiki>Article text.{{sfnp|Smith|2020|pp=25–26}}</nowiki>
|Article text.{{sfnp|Smith|2020|pp=25–26}}<br />
{{reflist}}
|<nowiki>Article text.{{sfnp|Smith|2020|loc=ch. 3}}</nowiki>
|Article text.{{sfnp|Smith|2020|loc=ch. 3}}<br />
{{reflist}}
|<nowiki>Article text.{{sfnp|Smith|2020|p=25|loc=n. 14}}</nowiki>
|Article text.{{sfnp|Smith|2020|p=25|loc=n. 14}}<br />
{{reflist}}
}}

== Other variations ==
{{excerpt|Template:sfn/doc|With templates}}

----
{{Hidden|Anchors for some examples|
Some of the examples need an anchor here so they don't display an error message. Press the back button on your browser to return to the example you were reading.
*{{cite book|last1=Smith|date=1994|title=Book by Smith}}
*{{cite book|last1=Smith|last2=Jones|date=1994|title=Book by Smith and Jones}}
*{{cite book|last1=Smith|last2=Jones|last3=Brown|date=1994|title=Book by Smith, Jones and Brown}}
*{{cite book|last1=Smith|last2=Jones|last3=Brown|last4=Black|date=1994|title=Book by Smith, Jones and Brown}}
}}

== TemplateData ==
{{TemplateDataHeader}}
<templatedata>
{
	"params": {
		"1": {
			"description": "Last name of first (or only) author",
			"required": true,
			"example": "Smith",
			"type": "line",
			"suggested": true,
			"label": "Author last name"
		},
		"2": {
			"description": "Year for citations with one author, or last name of second author for citations with two or more authors",
			"required": true,
			"example": "2006",
			"type": "string",
			"suggested": true,
			"label": "Second author or year"
		},
		"3": {
			"description": "Year for citations with two authors, or last name of third author for citations with three or more authors",
			"type": "string",
			"label": "Third author or year"
		},
		"4": {
			"description": "Year for citations with three authors, or last name of fourth author for citations with four authors",
			"type": "string",
			"label": "Fourth author or year"
		},
		"5": {
			"description": "Year for citations with four authors",
			"type": "number",
			"label": "Year (if four authors included)"
		},
		"p": {
			"description": "Page number in source, if the relevant information is on one page (use the «pp» parameter for multiple pages, and the «loc» parameter for other location data)",
			"suggested": true,
			"aliases": [
				"page"
			],
			"example": "42",
			"type": "line",
			"label": "Page"
		},
		"pp": {
			"description": "Page numbers in source",
			"aliases": [
				"pages"
			],
			"example": "23–24",
			"type": "line",
			"label": "Pages"
		},
		"ps": {
			"description": "Trailing text to replace period",
			"example": "none",
			"type": "string",
			"label": "Postscript"
		},
		"loc": {
			"description": "Location in source",
			"example": "section 7",
			"type": "line",
			"label": "Location",
			"aliases": [
				"at"
			]
		},
		"group": {
			"label": "Group",
			"description": "The reference group for the footnote",
			"type": "string"
		}
	},
	"description": "This template creates a short author–date citation in a footnote. It allows you to link inline citation using Harvard citations (a form of short citations using parenthetical references) to their corresponding full bibliographic citations.",
	"format": "inline"
}
</templatedata>

<includeonly>{{sandbox other||
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[[Category:Footnote templates]]
[[Category:Author–date citation templates]]
}}</includeonly>