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{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2014}}
{{Infobox writer
| image = Hans keilson2007.jpg
| image_size = 200px
| caption = Hans Keilson in 2007
| birth_name = Hans Alex Keilson
| birth_date = {{birth date|1909|12|12|df=yes}}
| birth_place = [[Bad Freienwalde]], Germany
| death_date = {{death date and age|2011|5|31|1909|12|12|df=yes}}
| death_place = [[Hilversum]], Netherlands
| occupation = [[Medic]], [[psychiatrist]], [[psychoanalyst]], writer
| language = [[Dutch language|Dutch]], German
| citizenship = Dutch
| period = 1933–2011
| subject = [[World War II]]
| spouse = {{marriage|Gertrud Manz|1930s|1969|end=died}}<br/>{{marriage|Marita Lauritz|1970}}
| children = 2
| awards = Knighthood of the [[Order of Orange-Nassau]]
}}

'''Hans Alex Keilson''' ({{IPA|nl|ɦɑns ˈkɛilsɔn}}; 12 December 1909 – 31 May 2011)<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.rnw.nl/english/bulletin/author-hans-keilson-dies-101|title=Author Hans Keilson dies at 101|work=Radio Netherlands Worldwide|date=2 June 2011|access-date=31 May 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110603175133/http://www.rnw.nl/english/bulletin/author-hans-keilson-dies-101|archive-date=3 June 2011|url-status=dead}}</ref> was a German-Dutch novelist, poet, psychoanalyst and child psychologist. He was best known for his novels set during the Second World War, during which he was an active member of the [[Dutch resistance]].

Keilson, having worked with traumatized orphans, mainly wrote about traumas induced by the war. His first novel was published in 1934, but most of his works were published after the war. In 2010, ''[[The New York Times]]'' 's [[Francine Prose]] described Keilson as "one of the world's greatest writers", notably honouring Keilson's achievements in the year in which he turned 101 years old.<ref>Francine Prose, "[https://www.nytimes.com/2010/08/08/books/review/Prose-t.html?pagewanted=all As Darkness Falls]," ''New York Times Sunday Book Review'', 5 August 2010.</ref>

==Biography==

===1928–40: Exile===
From 1928 to 1934, Keilson studied [[pharmacology]] in Berlin, but due to the Nazi law prohibiting Jews from employment, Keilson was employed as a professional [[gym teacher]] in Jewish private schools, and occasionally made money as a musician. During this period, Keilson also met his first wife, graphologist Gertrud Manz (1901).
In 1936, the couple went into [[exile]] and fled to the [[Netherlands]]. During his time here, Keilson wrote a few books in Dutch language, crediting himself under the pseudonym Benjamin Cooper.

===1941–69: World War II and aftermath===
In 1941, Keilson went into hiding and had to leave his pregnant wife behind. His wife gave birth to a daughter, Barbara, in the same year; she pretended the girl's father was a German officer to prevent prosecution. Meanwhile, Keilson had moved in with a married couple in [[Delft]], taking on a new identity as physician Dr. Van der Linden. During this time, the Dutch resistance asked him to pay visits to Jewish children that had been separated from their parents after they had gone into hiding. These experiences in particular formed the main inspiration for Keilson's later works.
Keilson reunited with his wife and daughter after the war. He and Gertrud were unable to marry before the war. In Germany they couldn't marry because of Keilson's Jewish origins. In the Netherlands it was not possible to marry for the Dutch law as German citizens. And so, when the war was over they married within the Liberal Jewish Community of Amsterdam. After the war Gertrud had to explain to the Dutch neighbours that her husband was indeed German, but also Jewish, to avoid further consequences.
Keilson had to requalify for his physician's licence, should he want to work in the Netherlands, and did so. He specialized as a psychiatrist and a psychoanalyst. In 1969, Gertrud died.

During the war, Keilson's parents were deported to [[Auschwitz]], where both died. In later interviews Keilson expressed deep regret for being unable to save his parents.

===1970–2009: Second marriage===
In 1970 Keilson married literature historian Marita Lauritz (1935), 25 years his junior. Marita gave birth to his, and her, second daughter, Bloeme, in 1974. He published several more works and received little media attention. On his special birthday anniversaries, such as his 70th, 80th and 90th birthday, Dutch media would do interviews with him.

===2010–11: recognition===
In 2010, ''[[The New York Times]]''{{'}}s [[Francine Prose]] described Keilson as "one of the world's greatest writers". Much media attention, in both the United States and his adopted home country, the Netherlands, was given to the fact that Keilson received this acknowledgement at the age of 100. Keilson was invited to Dutch talkshow ''[[De Wereld Draait Door]]'', where he was interviewed by presenter [[Matthijs van Nieuwkerk]]. Many more articles and interviews appeared in the following year, worldwide, and by then his ''Der Tod des Widersachers'' ("The Death of the Adversary") had been translated in 20 languages.

He died on 31 May 2011 in Hilversum, at the age of 101.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/06/02/books/hans-keilson-novelist-of-life-in-nazi-run-europe-dies-at-101.html?ref=deathsobituaries|title=Hans Keilson, Novelist of Life in Nazi-Run Europe, Dies at 101|date=2 June 2011|work=[[The New York Times]]|author=William Grimes|author-link=William Grimes (journalist)}}</ref>

==Awards and honors==
{{incomplete list|date=November 2012}}
*Honorary citizenship of the town of [[Bad Freienwalde]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://gemeinde.bad-freienwalde.de/meine-stadt/zahlen-fakten/ehrenbuerger.html|title=Ehrenbürger der Stadt Bad Freienwalde (Oder)|access-date=31 August 2014|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140903065926/http://gemeinde.bad-freienwalde.de/meine-stadt/zahlen-fakten/ehrenbuerger.html|archive-date=3 September 2014|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
*Silver Medal of the [[International Federation of Resistance Fighters – Association of Anti-Fascists]]
*Honorary Doctorate of the [[University of Bremen]]
*Officer's Cross of the [[Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hagalil.com/archiv/2007/11/keilson.htm |title="Literatur ist das Gedächtnis der Menschheit": Der jüdische Psychoanalytiker, Schriftsteller und Pädagoge Hans Keilson |work=hagalil.com |language=German |accessdate=31 August 2014}}</ref>
*1999 Hayman Prize for Published Work Pertaining to Traumatised Children and Adults of the [[International Psychoanalytical Association]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ipa.org.uk/en/About/Awards_and_Prizes/Awards_and_Prizes_Archive/en/news_and_events/Awards_and_Prizes_Archive.aspx?hkey=93d38825-2afd-43b1-9614-4b075f5d01e9IPA|title=Awards and Prizes Winners Archive|accessdate=31 August 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140903055023/http://www.ipa.org.uk/en/About/Awards_and_Prizes/Awards_and_Prizes_Archive/en/news_and_events/Awards_and_Prizes_Archive.aspx?hkey=93d38825-2afd-43b1-9614-4b075f5d01e9IPA|archive-date=3 September 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref>
*2005 [[Johann-Heinrich-Merck-Preis]]
*2007 Moses Mendelssohn Medal of the Moses Mendelssohn Center for European Jewish studies (MMZ) Potsdam<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mmz-potsdam.de/hans-keilson-preistraeger-2007.html |title=Hans Keilson - Preisträger 2007 |language=German |accessdate=31 August 2014}}</ref>
*2008 [[Welt-Literaturpreis|''Welt''-Literaturpreis]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.morgenpost.de/kultur/article958809/WELT-Literaturpreis-2008-fuer-Hans-Keilson.html |title=WELT-Literaturpreis 2008 für Hans Keilson |work=[[Berliner Morgenpost]] |language=German |date=17 October 2008 |accessdate=11 November 2012}}</ref>

==Bibliography==
;Works
*''Life Goes On'' [novel; ''Das Leben geht weiter''], 2012
*''The Death of the Adversary'' [novel; translation of ''Der Tod des Widersachers: Roman'']. 2010.
*''Comedy in a Minor Key'' [novel; translation of ''Komödie in Moll'']. 2010.
*''Hans Keilson (100)'' Frankfurt am Main: Fischer. 2009.
*''Werke'', Bd. 2 / Gedichte und Essays. 2005.
*''Werke'', Bd. 1 / Romane und Erzaehlungen. 2005.
*''Sequentielle Traumatisierung bei Kindern: Untersuchung zum Schicksal jüdischer Kriegswaisen''. Psychosozial-Verlag. 2005. (English translation: ''Sequential Traumatisation in Children. A clinical and statistical follow-up study on the fate of the Jewish war orphans in the Netherlands''. The Magnes Press, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem. 1992. {{ISBN|965-223-806-6}})
*''Probleme in der sexuellen Erziehung'' Essen: Neue Deutsche Schule Verlagsgesellschaft. 1966.

;Further reading
*Anon. "Fresh Ink," "Books," ''San Francisco Chronicle and SFGate'', 8 August 2010: F8.
*[[Benjamin Balint|Balint, Benjamin]]. [https://www.haaretz.com/life/books/2013-01-21/ty-article/.premium/books-keilsons-kaddish/0000017f-f834-d2d5-a9ff-f8bcae760000 "Keilson's Kaddish, Now in English"]. ''Haaretz'', January 21, 2013.
*[[Adam Kirsch|Kirsch, Adam]]. [https://www.tabletmag.com/sections/arts-letters/articles/bearing-witness "Bearing Witness: A reissued novel and a newly translated novella offer a reintroduction to the 100-year-old Hans Keilson"] ''Tablet'', August 3, 2010.
*''Das Münchener Abkommen und die Intellektuellen: Literatur und Exil in Frankreich zwischen Krise und Krieg'' edited by Martine Boyer-Weinmann et al. Tuebingen: Narr. 2008.[Keilson discusses his exile.]
*"Gedenk und vergiß – im Abschaum der Geschichte ..." : Trauma und Erinnern ; Hans Keilson zu Ehren ; Marianne Leuzinger-Bohleber. – Tübingen : edition diskord. 2001.
*Juelich, Dierk (ed.). ''Geschichte als Trauma. Festschrift für Hans Keilson zu seinem 80. Geburtstag''. Gießen: Psychosozial-Verlag. 1989.
* Roland Kaufhold: [http://buecher.hagalil.com/2011/04/keilson/ ''Neue Werke von Hans Keilson „Kein Plädoyer für eine Luftschaukel“''] in haGalil
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20120323050516/http://www.zptp.eu/aduploads/zptp2008h1-2_kaufholdkeilson.pdf Roland Kaufhold: "Das Leben geht weiter". Hans Keilson, ein jüdischer Psychoanalytiker, Schriftsteller, Pädagoge und Musiker]
* Roland Kaufhold (2008): ''Das Leben geht weiter''. Hans Keilson, ein jüdischer Psychoanalytiker, Schriftsteller, Pädagoge und Musiker, in: ''Zeitschrift für psychoanalytische Theorie und Praxis'' (ZPTP), Heft 1/2-2008, pp. 142–167. [https://web.archive.org/web/20120323050532/http://www.zptp.eu/home.php?act=showmain&V_PRIMARY=109&ka=19&su=69&lang=1Text online]
* Hans-Jürgen Balmes (Hg.) e.a.: ''Hans Keilson 100'' in: ''Neue Rundschau 2009/4''; pp. Fischer, Frankfurt 2009
* Roland Kaufhold (2009): ''Hans Keilson wird 100. Schriftsteller, Traumatherapeut, Psychoanalytiker'', in: ''Tribüne'' H. 192, 4/2009, pp. 10–13
* Roland Kaufhold (2010): ''Keine Spuren mehr im Rauchfang der Lüfte – sprachloser Himmel''. Hans Keilson wird 100, in: ''Kinderanalyse'', 1/2010 17. Jg., pp. 94–109.
* [[Heinrich Detering]]: ''Ein verborgener Erzähler : Der Schriftsteller und Psychoanalytiker Hans Keilson feiert heute seinen Hundertsten'', in: FAZ, 12. Dezember 2009, Seite 36
* Roland Kaufhold (2009): ''Weiterleben – biografische Kontinuität im Exil. Hans Keilson wird 100'', in: ''psychosozial'' Nr. 118 (4/2009). pp. 119–131.
* Schröder, Simone/Ulrike Weymann/[[Andreas Martin Widmann]] (eds.): "die vergangene Zeit bleibt die erlittene Zeit": Untersuchungen zum Werk von Hans Keilson. Würzburg: Königshausen & Neumann 2013.

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Keilson, Hans}}
[[Category:1909 births]]
[[Category:2011 deaths]]
[[Category:People from Bad Freienwalde]]
[[Category:People from the Province of Brandenburg]]
[[Category:20th-century German Jews]]
[[Category:Jewish emigrants from Nazi Germany to the Netherlands]]
[[Category:Emigrants from Nazi Germany to the Netherlands]]
[[Category:Naturalised citizens of the Netherlands]]
[[Category:Dutch psychiatrists]]
[[Category:Dutch-language writers]]
[[Category:20th-century Dutch non-fiction writers]]
[[Category:Dutch male poets]]
[[Category:20th-century Dutch essayists]]
[[Category:German psychologists]]
[[Category:German-language writers]]
[[Category:German men centenarians]]
[[Category:Dutch men centenarians]]
[[Category:Officers Crosses of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany]]
[[Category:Dutch psychoanalysts]]
[[Category:Jewish psychoanalysts]]
[[Category:Dutch male essayists]]
[[Category:20th-century German male poets]]
[[Category:20th-century German poets]]
[[Category:Jewish centenarians]]
[[Category:German psychoanalysts]]

Hans Keilson - Revision history

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