https://noumenapedia.net/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=Nevil_ShuteNevil Shute - Revision history2026-10-29T10:03:54ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.44.0https://noumenapedia.net/index.php?title=Nevil_Shute&diff=3835&oldid=prevDeleatur yhe: Created page2026-09-06T03:13:49Z<p>Created page</p>
<p><b>New page</b></p><div>{{Short description|English novelist (1899–1960)}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2019}}<br />
{{Use British English|date=November 2019}}<br />
{{Infobox writer<br />
| name = Nevil Shute<br />
| image = Neville Shute AWW 1949.jpg<br />
| caption = Shute in 1949<br />
| birth_name = Nevil Shute Norway<br />
| birth_date = {{birth date|1899|01|17|df=y}}<br />
| birth_place = [[Ealing]], Middlesex<!-- Do not change to London, Ealing was in Middlesex in 1899 -->, England<br />
| death_date = {{death date and age|1960|01|12|1899|01|17|df=y}}<br />
| death_place = [[Melbourne]], Victoria, Australia<br />
| occupation = {{hlist|Novelist|aeronautical engineer}}<br />
| education = [[Balliol College, Oxford]]<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Nevil Shute Norway''' (17 January 1899{{spaced ndash}}12 January 1960) was an English novelist and [[aeronautical engineer]] who spent his later years in Australia. He used his full name in his engineering career and '''Nevil Shute''' as his pen name to protect his engineering career from inferences by his employers (Vickers) or from fellow engineers that he was "not a serious person"{{sfn|Shute1954|p=65}} or from potentially adverse publicity in connection with his novels, which included ''[[On the Beach (novel)|On the Beach]]'' and ''[[A Town Like Alice]]''.<br />
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== Early life ==<br />
Shute was born in Somerset Road, [[Ealing]] (which was then in [[Middlesex]])<!-- Do not change to London, Ealing was in Middlesex in 1899 -->, in the house described in his novel ''[[Trustee from the Toolroom]]''. He was educated at the [[Dragon School]], [[Shrewsbury School]] and [[Balliol College, Oxford]]; he graduated from Oxford in 1922 with a third-class degree in engineering science.<br />
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Shute was the son of Arthur Hamilton Norway and his wife Mary Louisa Gadsden. Shute's father became head of the Post Office in [[Ireland]] before the First World War and was based at the [[General Post Office, Dublin]] in 1916 at the time of the [[Easter Rising]]. Shute himself was later commended for his role as a stretcher-bearer during the rising.<ref name="A. P. Ryan">{{cite web|last1=Ryan|first1=A. P.|title=Extract from the Dictionary of National Biography 1951–1960|url=http://www.nevilshute.org/Biography/dictionarynationalbio.php|website=Nevil Shute Foundation|access-date=23 April 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150902014922/http://www.nevilshute.org/Biography/dictionarynationalbio.php|archive-date=2 September 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nevilshute.org/PhotoLine/PLD-1911-1920/pl-1911-1920-02.php|title=Photo Timeline: 1911–1920 page 2|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120419073441/http://www.nevilshute.org/PhotoLine/PLD-1911-1920/pl-1911-1920-02.php|archive-date=19 April 2012|url-status=live|publisher=Nevil Shute Foundation|access-date=10 June 2016}}</ref> His grandmother [[Georgina Norway]] was a novelist.<br />
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Shute attended the [[Royal Military Academy, Woolwich]], and trained as a gunner. He was unable to take up a commission in the [[Royal Flying Corps]] in the [[First World War]], which he believed was because of his stammer. He served as a soldier in the [[Suffolk Regiment]], enlisting in the ranks in August 1918. He guarded the [[Isle of Grain]] in the Thames Estuary, and served in military funeral parties in Kent during the [[1918 flu pandemic]].<ref name="A. P. Ryan" /><br />
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== Career in aviation ==<br />
An [[aerospace engineering|aeronautical engineer]] as well as a pilot, Shute began his engineering career with the [[de Havilland Aircraft Company]]. He used his pen-name as an author to protect his engineering career from any potentially adverse publicity in connection with his novels.{{sfn|Shute|1954|p=63}}<br />
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Dissatisfied with the lack of opportunities for advancement, he took a position in 1924 with [[Vickers#Aviation|Vickers Ltd.]], where he was involved with the development of [[airship]]s, working as Chief Calculator ([[stress engineer]]) on the [[R100]] airship project for the Vickers subsidiary Airship Guarantee Company. In 1929, he was promoted to deputy [[chief engineer]] of the R100 project under [[Barnes Wallis]]. When Wallis left the project, Shute became the chief engineer.<ref name="A. P. Ryan" /><br />
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The R100 was a prototype for passenger-carrying airships that would serve the needs of Britain's empire. The government-funded but privately developed R100 made a successful 1930 round trip to [[Canada]]. While in Canada it made trips from [[Montreal]] to [[Ottawa]], Toronto, and [[Niagara Falls]]. The fatal 1930 crash near [[Beauvais]], France, of its government-developed counterpart [[R101]] ended British interest in [[dirigibles]]. The R100 was immediately grounded and subsequently scrapped.<br />
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Shute gives a detailed account of the development of the two airships in his 1954 [[autobiography|autobiographical]] work, ''[[Slide Rule: Autobiography of an Engineer]]''.{{sfn|Shute|1954|pp=54-149}} When he started, he wrote that he was shocked to find that before building the [[R38-class airship|R38]] the civil servants concerned '"had made no attempt to calculate the aerodynamic forces acting on the ship"' but had just copied the size of girders in German airships.{{sfn|Shute|1954|p=55}} The calculations for just one transverse frame of the R100 could take two or three months, and the solution '"almost amounted to a religious experience."{{sfn|Shute|1954|p=76}} But later he wrote that '"the disaster was the product of the system rather than the men at Cardington"; the one thing that was proved is that "government officials are totally ineffective in engineering development" and any weapons (they develop) will be bad weapons. The R101 made one short test flight in perfect weather, and was given an airworthiness certificate for her flight to India to meet the minister’s deadline. Norway thought it probable that a new outer cover for the R101 was taped on with rubber adhesive which reacted with the dope.{{sfn|Shute|1954|pp=128,129}} His account is very critical of the R101 design and management team, and strongly hints that senior team members were complicit in concealing flaws in the airship's design and construction. In ''The Tender Ship,'' [[Manhattan Project]] engineer and [[Virginia Tech]] professor [[Arthur Squires]] used Shute's account of the R100 and R101 as a primary illustration of his thesis that governments are usually incompetent managers of technology projects.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Squires |first=Arthur M. |url=http://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-1-4757-1926-0 |title=The Tender Ship |date=1986 |publisher=Birkhäuser Boston |isbn=978-0-8176-3312-7 |location=Boston, MA |language=en |doi=10.1007/978-1-4757-1926-0}}</ref><br />
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In 1931, with the cancellation of the R100 project, Shute teamed up with the talented de Havilland-trained designer [[A. H. Tiltman|A. Hessell Tiltman]] to found the aircraft construction company [[Airspeed Ltd]].<ref name="A. P. Ryan" /> A site was available in a former [[trolleybus]] garage on Piccadilly, [[York]].<ref>{{cite news|last1=Stead|first1=Mark|title=New aviation museum planned for city centre|url=http://www.yorkpress.co.uk/news/10765852.New_aviation_museum_planned_for_city_centre/|work=[[The Press (York)|The Press]]|date=26 October 2013|location=York|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150714012006/http://www.yorkpress.co.uk/news/10765852.New_aviation_museum_planned_for_city_centre/|archive-date=14 July 2015}}</ref> Despite setbacks, including the usual problems of a new business, Airspeed Limited eventually gained recognition when its [[Airspeed Envoy|Envoy]] aircraft was chosen for the [[King's Flight]]. With the approach of the [[Second World War]], a military version of the Envoy was developed, to be called the [[Airspeed Oxford]]. The Oxford became the standard advanced multi-engined trainer for the [[Royal Air Force|RAF]] and British Commonwealth, with over 8,500 being built.<br />
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For the innovation of developing a hydraulic retractable undercarriage for the [[Airspeed Courier]], and his work on R100, Shute was made a Fellow of the [[Royal Aeronautical Society]].<br />
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On 7 March 1931, Shute married Frances Mary Heaton, a 28-year-old medical practitioner. They had two daughters, (Heather) Felicity and Shirley.<br />
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== Second World War==<br />
By the outbreak of the Second World War, Shute was a rising novelist. Even as war seemed imminent he was working on military projects with his former boss at Vickers, [[Charles Dennistoun Burney|Sir Dennistoun Burney]]. He was commissioned into the [[Royal Naval Reserve|Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve]] (RNVR) as a sub-lieutenant, having joined as an "elderly yachtsman" and expected to be in charge of a drifter or minesweeper, but after two days he was asked about his career and technical experience. He reached the "dizzy rank" of lieutenant commander, knowing nothing about "Sunday Divisions" and secretly fearing when he went on a little ship that he would be the senior naval officer and "have to do something".{{sfn|Shute|1954|p=3}}<br />
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So he ended up in the [[Directorate of Miscellaneous Weapons Development]]. There he was a head of engineering, working on secret weapons such as [[Panjandrum]], a job that appealed to the engineer in him. He also developed the [[RP-3#Anti-submarine|Rocket Spear]], an anti-submarine missile with a fluted cast iron head. After the first U-boat was sunk by it, [[Charles Goodeve]] sent him a message concluding "I am particularly pleased as it fully substantiates the foresight you showed in pushing this in its early stages. My congratulations."<ref>Gerald Pawle (1957), ''Secret Weapons of World War II'' (original title, ''The Secret War''), 1967 reprint, New York: Ballantine, Part II, "The Enemy under the Waters", Ch. 18, "Harrying the U-boats", pp. 183-186.</ref><br />
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His celebrity as a writer caused the [[Ministry of Information (United Kingdom)|Ministry of Information]] to send him to the [[Normandy Landings]] on 6 June 1944 and later to [[Burma]] as a correspondent. He finished the war with the rank of lieutenant commander in the RNVR.<br />
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== Literary career ==<br />
Shute's first novel, ''[[Stephen Morris (novel)|Stephen Morris]]'', was written in 1923, but not published until 1961 (with its 1924 sequel, ''Pilotage'').<br />
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His first published novel was ''[[Marazan]]'', which came out in 1926. After that he averaged one novel every two years until the 1950s, with the exception of a six-year hiatus while he was establishing his own aircraft construction company, Airspeed Ltd. Sales of his books grew slowly with each novel, but he became much better known after the publication of his third to last book, ''[[On the Beach (novel)|On the Beach]]'', in 1957.<br />
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Shute's novels are written in a simple, highly readable style, with clearly delineated plot lines. Many of the stories are introduced by a narrator who is not a character in the story. The most common theme in Shute's novels is the [[dignity of work]], spanning all classes, whether a Corsican bar hostess in the Balkans (''[[Ruined City]]'') or a brilliant but unworldly [[boffin]] (''[[No Highway]]''). His novels are in three main clusters: early pre-war flying adventures; Second World War tales; and stories set in Australia.<br />
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Another recurrent theme is the bridging of social barriers such as class (''[[Lonely Road (novel)|Lonely Road]]'' and ''Landfall''), race (''[[The Chequer Board]]''), or religion (''[[Round the Bend (novel)|Round the Bend]]''). The Australian novels are individual hymns to that country, with subtle disparagement of the mores of the United States (''[[Beyond the Black Stump]]'') and overt antipathy towards the post-World War II socialist government of Shute's native Britain (''[[The Far Country (1952 novel)|The Far Country]]'' and ''[[In the Wet]]'').<br />
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Aviation and engineering provide the backdrop for many of Shute's novels. He identified how engineering, science, and design could improve human life and more than once used the anonymous epigram, "It has been said an engineer is a man who can do for ten shillings what any fool can do for a pound."{{sfn|Shute|1954|p=63}}<br />
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Several of Shute's novels explored the boundary between accepted science and rational belief, on the one hand, and [[mystical]] or [[paranormal]] possibilities, including [[reincarnation]], on the other hand. Shute did this by including elements of fantasy and science fiction in novels that were considered mainstream. They included [[Buddhist astrology]] and folk prophecy in ''The Chequer Board''; the effective use of a [[planchette]] in ''No Highway;'' a [[messiah]] figure in ''Round the Bend''; reincarnation, science fiction, and Aboriginal psychic powers in ''In the Wet.''<br />
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Twenty-four of his novels and novellas have been published. Many of his books have been adapted for the screen, including ''[[Lonely Road (novel)|Lonely Road]]'' in 1936; ''[[Landfall: A Channel Story]]'' in 1949; ''[[Pied Piper (novel)|Pied Piper]]'' in 1942 and again in 1959, and also as ''Crossing to Freedom,'' a CBS [[made-for-television]] movie, in 1990; ''[[On the Beach (1959 film)|On the Beach]]'' in 1959 and again in 2000 as a two-part miniseries; and ''[[No Highway]]'' in 1951. ''[[A Town Like Alice]]'' was adapted into a film in 1956, serialised for [[Australian television]] in 1981, and also broadcast on [[BBC Radio 2]] in 1997 starring [[Jason Connery]], [[Becky Hindley]], [[Bernard Hepton]] and [[Virginia McKenna]]. Shute's 1952 novel ''[[The Far Country (novel)|The Far Country]]'' was filmed for television as six one-hour episodes in 1972, and as a two-part [[miniseries]] in 1987.<ref>{{cite book|first = Scott|last = Murray|title = Australia on the small screen, 1970-1995: The complete guide to tele-features and mini-series|publisher = [[Oxford University Press]]|year = 1996|page = 193}}</ref><br />
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[[Vintage Books]] reprinted all 23 of his books in 2009.<ref name="Telegraph London">{{cite news|last1=Hensher|first1=Philip|title=Nevil Shute: profile|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/books/6718768/Nevil-Shute-profile.html|access-date=12 April 2013|work=[[The Daily Telegraph]]|date=4 December 2009|location=London|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130602021929/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/books/6718768/Nevil-Shute-profile.html|archive-date=2 June 2013}}</ref><br />
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Shute's final work was published more than 40 years after his death. ''[[The Seafarers (novel)|The Seafarers]]'' was first drafted in 1946–47, rewritten, and then put aside. In 1948, Shute again rewrote it, changing the title to ''Blind Understanding,'' but he left the manuscript incomplete. According to Dan Telfair in the foreword of the 2002 edition, some of the themes in ''The Seafarers'' and ''Blind Understanding'' were used in Shute's 1955 novel ''[[Requiem for a Wren]]''.<ref>{{cite book|contributor-last = Telfair|contributor-first = Dan|contribution = Foreword|last = Shute|first = Nevil|title = The Seafarers|publisher = [[Paper Tiger Books]]|year = 2002|isbn = 9781889439327|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=fMgUPQAACAAJ|access-date = 23 July 2021|archive-date = 22 October 2023|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20231022210403/https://books.google.com/books?id=fMgUPQAACAAJ|url-status = live}}</ref><br />
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== Activities after the war ==<br />
In 1948, Shute flew his own [[Percival Proctor]] aeroplane to Australia and back, accompanied by the writer [[James Riddell (skier)|James Riddell]], who published a book, ''Flight of Fancy,'' based on the trip, in 1950.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nevilshute.org/Reviews/flightoffancy.php|title=Nevil Shute Foundation—Title|website=Nevil Shute Foundation|access-date=7 December 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171207140722/https://www.nevilshute.org/Reviews/flightoffancy.php|archive-date=7 December 2017}}</ref><br />
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On his return, after complaining that he "felt oppressed by British taxation", he decided that he and his family would move to Australia. In 1950, he settled with his wife and two daughters on farmland at [[Langwarrin]], south-east of [[Melbourne]].<ref>Croft (2002)</ref> Remembering his 1930 trip to Canada and his decision to immigrate to Australia, he wrote, in 1954, "For the first time in my life I saw how people live in an English-speaking country outside England."{{sfn|Shute|1954|pp=113-114}} Although he intended to remain in Australia, he did not apply for [[Australian citizenship]], which was at that time a mere formality because he was a [[British citizen]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Citizenship in Australia – Fact sheet 187|url=http://www.naa.gov.au/collection/fact-sheets/fs187.aspx|publisher=National Archives of Australia|access-date=28 December 2012|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130122112713/http://naa.gov.au/collection/fact-sheets/fs187.aspx|archive-date=22 January 2013}}</ref> In the 1950s and 1960s he was one of the world's best-selling novelists.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Meacham|first1=Steve|title=Remaindered with little honour in his adopted land|url=http://www.smh.com.au/articles/2003/07/24/1058853193968.html|work=[[The Sydney Morning Herald]]|date=25 July 2003|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080507021356/http://www.smh.com.au/articles/2003/07/24/1058853193968.html|archive-date=7 May 2008}}</ref> Between 1956 and 1958 in Australia, he took up car racing as a hobby, driving a white [[Jaguar XK140]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Photo Timeline 1951–1960 page 5|url=http://www.nevilshute.org/PhotoLine/PLD-1951-1960/pl-1951-1960-05.php|publisher=Nevil Shute Norway Foundation|access-date=11 June 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140419180231/http://www.nevilshute.org/PhotoLine/PLD-1951-1960/pl-1951-1960-05.php|archive-date=19 April 2014}}</ref> Some of this experience found its way into his book ''On the Beach''.<br />
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Shute died in Melbourne in 1960 after a stroke.<ref>[http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,939151,00.html "Books: The Two Lives of Nevil Shute"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110220011228/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,939151,00.html |date=20 February 2011 }}, ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]'', 25 January 1960. Retrieved 24 April 2011.</ref><br />
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== Honours ==<br />
[[File:Alice Springs - BIG Books.jpg|thumb|"BIG Books" at the Nevil Shute Memorial Library, Alice Springs (2018).]]<br />
Norway Road and Nevil Shute Road at [[Portsmouth Airport, Hampshire]] were both named after him. Shute Avenue in [[Berwick, Victoria]] was named after him, when the farm used for filming the 1959 film ''On the Beach'' was subdivided for housing.<br />
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The public library in [[Alice Springs]], [[Northern Territory]] is the Nevil Shute Memorial Library.<ref>[http://www.alicesprings.nt.gov.au/alice-springs-public-library/library-history Alice Springs public library history] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130428031846/http://www.alicesprings.nt.gov.au/alice-springs-public-library/library-history |date=28 April 2013 }} Retrieved 29 April 2013</ref><br />
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In the Readers' List of the [[Modern Library 100 Best Novels]] of the 20th century, ''A Town Like Alice'' came in at number 17, ''Trustee from the Toolroom'' at 27, and ''On the Beach'' at 56.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.librarything.com/bookaward/The+Modern+Library%27s+100+Best+Novels%3A+The+Reader%27s+List |title=The Modern Library's 100 Best Novels: The Reader's List &#124; Book awards &#124; LibraryThing |website=www.librarything.com |access-date=22 November 2021 |archive-date=22 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211122145302/https://www.librarything.com/bookaward/The+Modern+Library%27s+100+Best+Novels%3A+The+Reader%27s+List |url-status=live }}</ref><br />
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== Works ==<br />
* ''[[Stephen Morris (novel)|Stephen Morris]]'' (1923, republished in 1961 with ''Pilotage'')<br />
* ''[[Pilotage (novel)|Pilotage]]'' (1924, republished in 1961 with ''Stephen Morris'')<br />
* ''[[Marazan]]'' (1926)<br />
* ''[[So Disdained]]'' (1928)<br />
* ''[[Lonely Road (novel)|Lonely Road]]'' (1932)<br />
* ''[[Ruined City]]'' (1938, U.S. title: ''Kindling'')<br />
* ''[[What Happened to the Corbetts]]'' (1938, U.S. title: ''Ordeal'')<br />
* ''[[An Old Captivity]]'' (1940)<br />
* ''[[Landfall: A Channel Story]]'' (1940)<br />
* ''[[Pied Piper (novel)|Pied Piper]]'' (1942)<br />
* ''[[Most Secret]]'' (1942, published 1945)<br />
* ''[[Pastoral (1944 novel)|Pastoral]]'' (1944)<br />
* ''[[Vinland the Good]]'' (film script, 1946)<br />
* ''[[The Seafarers (novel)|The Seafarers]]'' (1946-7)<br />
* ''[[The Chequer Board]]'' (1947)<br />
* ''[[No Highway]]'' (1948)<br />
* ''[[A Town Like Alice]]'' (1950, U.S. title: ''The Legacy'')<br />
* ''[[Round the Bend (novel)|Round the Bend]]'' (1951)<br />
* ''[[The Far Country (novel)|The Far Country]]'' (1952)<br />
* ''[[In the Wet]]'' (1953)<br />
* ''[[Slide Rule: Autobiography of an Engineer]]'' (1954)<br />
* ''[[Requiem for a Wren]]'' (1955, U.S. title: ''The Breaking Wave'')<br />
* ''[[Beyond the Black Stump]]'' (1956)<br />
* ''[[On the Beach (novel)|On the Beach]]'' (1957)<br />
* ''[[The Rainbow and the Rose]]'' (1958)<br />
* ''[[Trustee from the Toolroom]]'' (1960)<br />
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== References ==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
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* Smith, Julian ''Nevil Shute: A Biography'' The Paper Tiger, Creskill, NJ (2002) {{ISBN|1-889439-30-4}}. (First published in 1976 as part of Twayne's English Author Series)<br />
*[https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/norway-nevil-shute-11262 Croft, Julian (2000) 'Norway, Nevil Shute (1899–1960)' in ''Australian Dictionary of Biography. Vol. 15'' Melbourne University Press, pp 498–499] Accessed 14 June 2007<br />
*Giffuni, Cathy (1988) ''Nevil Shute, a bibliography'' Adelaide: Auslib Press {{ISBN|0-9589895-7-5}}.<br />
*Haigh, Gideon (2007) 'Shute's sands of time' in ''The Daily Telegraph'' http://www.news.com.au/dailytelegraph/story/0,,21826948-5001031,00.html {{Webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20120703172224/http://www.news.com.au/dailytelegraph/story/0,,21826948-5001031,00.html |date=3 July 2012 }} Accessed 14 June 2007<br />
* Anderson, John, ''Parallel Motion – a biography of Nevil Shute Norway '' The Paper Tiger, (2011) {{ISBN|978-1-889439-37-2}}<br />
* Thorn, Richard, "Shute:The engineer who became a prince of storytellers" Matador, (2017) ({{ISBN|9781788032575}})<br />
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== External links ==<br />
{{Wikiquote}}<br />
*[http://www.nevilshute.org/ The Nevil Shute Foundation]<br />
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20150227065752/http://nevilshutebooks.com/ The Nevil Shute Book Page] – General Nevil Shute biographical information and extensive first edition collection tips<br />
*[http://www.ibooknet.co.uk/archive/news_oct04.htm#Feature A Brief Account of the Engineer and Novelist, Nevil Shute] from ibooknet<br />
* {{FadedPage|id=Norway, Nevil Shute|name=Nevil Shute Norway|author=yes}}<br />
* {{Librivox author|id=19209}}<br />
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