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	<title>Template:Philosophy of religion - Revision history</title>
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	<updated>2026-10-29T08:08:10Z</updated>
	<subtitle>Revision history for this page on the wiki</subtitle>
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	<entry>
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		<title>Deleatur yhe: 1 revision imported</title>
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		<updated>2026-09-11T03:36:52Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;1 revision imported&lt;/p&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 03:36, 11 September 2026&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-notice&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;mw-diff-empty&quot;&gt;(No difference)&lt;/div&gt;
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		<author><name>Deleatur yhe</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://noumenapedia.net/index.php?title=Template:Philosophy_of_religion&amp;diff=22060&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>wikipedia&gt;WeyerStudentOfAgrippa: Undid revision 1373344036 by DaniPine3 (talk) a large removal should be explained and not marked as a minor edit</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://noumenapedia.net/index.php?title=Template:Philosophy_of_religion&amp;diff=22060&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2026-09-05T14:58:12Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Undid revision &lt;a href=&quot;/Special:Diff/1373344036&quot; title=&quot;Special:Diff/1373344036&quot;&gt;1373344036&lt;/a&gt; by &lt;a href=&quot;/Special:Contributions/DaniPine3&quot; title=&quot;Special:Contributions/DaniPine3&quot;&gt;DaniPine3&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;/index.php?title=User_talk:DaniPine3&amp;amp;action=edit&amp;amp;redlink=1&quot; class=&quot;new&quot; title=&quot;User talk:DaniPine3 (page does not exist)&quot;&gt;talk&lt;/a&gt;) a large removal should be explained and not marked as a minor edit&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;New page&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{Navbox&lt;br /&gt;
| name = Philosophy of religion&lt;br /&gt;
| title = [[Philosophy of religion]]&lt;br /&gt;
| state = {{{state&amp;lt;includeonly&amp;gt;|collapsed&amp;lt;/includeonly&amp;gt;}}}&lt;br /&gt;
| bodyclass = hlist&lt;br /&gt;
| groupstyle = text-align:center;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
| group1 = Concepts&lt;br /&gt;
| list1  =&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Afterlife]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Eschatology]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Faith]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Miracle]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Belief#Religion|{{wrap|Religious belief}}]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Reincarnation]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Religious text|{{wrap|Religious scripture}}]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Salvation]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Soul]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Spirit (animating force)|Spirit]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Theological veto]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
| group2 = [[Theories about religion|Theories of religion]]&lt;br /&gt;
| list2  =&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Acosmism]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Agnosticism]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Animism]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Antireligion]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Creationism]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[Intelligent design]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Dharma]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Deism]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[Pandeism]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Demonology]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Divine command theory]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Dualism in cosmology|Dualism]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Western esotericism|Esotericism]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Exclusivism]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Existentialism]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[Atheistic existentialism|Atheistic]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[Religious existentialism|Religious]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Fideism]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Fundamentalism]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Humanism]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[Religious humanism|Religious]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[Secular humanism|Secular]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Inclusivism]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Monism]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Mysticism]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Naturalism (philosophy)|Naturalism]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[Metaphysical naturalism|Metaphysical]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[Religious naturalism|Religious]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[Humanistic naturalism|Humanistic]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Nondualism]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Nontheism]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[Atheism]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Perennial philosophy|Perennialism]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Possibilianism]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Religious skepticism]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Spiritualism (beliefs)|Spiritualism]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Shamanism]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Theism]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[Henotheism]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[Misotheism]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[Monotheism]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[Panentheism]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[Pantheism]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[Polytheism]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Transcendentalism]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Vitalism]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
| group3 = [[Theology]]&lt;br /&gt;
| list3  = &lt;br /&gt;
* [[Apophatic theology|Apophatism]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Cataphatic theology|Cataphatism]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Brahman]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Conceptions of God]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Demiurge]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Divine simplicity]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Ethical egoism]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Feminist theology]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[Thealogy]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[Womanist theology]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Holy Spirit]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Personal god]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Process theology]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[God|Supreme Being]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Theodicy]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Unmoved mover]]&lt;br /&gt;
{{Navbox|subgroup|&lt;br /&gt;
  | group2 = [[Existence of God|Existence&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;of God]]&lt;br /&gt;
  | list2  = {{Navbox|child&lt;br /&gt;
  | listclass  = hlist&lt;br /&gt;
  | groupstyle = font-weight:normal; text-align:center;&lt;br /&gt;
  | groupwidth = 4em&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
  | group1 = For&lt;br /&gt;
  | list1  = &lt;br /&gt;
* [[Argument from beauty|Beauty]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Christological argument|Christological]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[Lewis&amp;#039; trilemma|Trilemma]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[Resurrection of Jesus|Resurrection]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Argument from consciousness|Consciousness]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Cosmological argument|Cosmological]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[Kalam cosmological argument|Kalam cosmological]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[Cosmological argument#Aquinas&amp;#039;s argument from contingency|Contingency]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[Cosmological argument#Duns Scotus&amp;#039;s metaphysical argument|Metaphysical]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Argument from degree|Degree]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Argument from desire|Desire]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Argument from religious experience|Experience]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Leap of faith|Existential choice]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Fine-tuned universe]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Ontological argument#Baruch Spinoza|Knowledge]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Argument from love|Love]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Mathematics and God|Mathematics]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Argument from miracles|Miracles]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Argument from morality|Morality]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[George Berkeley#Theology|Mystical idealism]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Natural-law argument|Natural-law]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Proof of the Truthful|Necessary existent]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[Seddiqin argument|Seddiqin]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Nyayakusumanjali]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Ontological argument|Ontological]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[Proslogion|Anselm]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[Gödel&amp;#039;s ontological proof|Gödel]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[Meinongian argument|Meinongian]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[Ontological argument#Modal versions of the ontological argument|Modal]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[Transcendent theosophy|Mulla Sadra]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Pascal&amp;#039;s wager]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Argument from reason|Reason]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Reformed epistemology|Proper basis and Reformed epistemology]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Religious responses to the problem of evil|Responses to the problem of evil]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Teleological argument|Teleological]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[Natural-law argument|Natural law]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[Watchmaker analogy|Watchmaker]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Existence of God#Arguments from witnesses&amp;#039; testimony|Testimony]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[Existence of God#Arguments from historical events|Historical events]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[Existence of God#Arguments from the authority of historical personages|Historical personages]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Trademark argument|Trademark]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Transcendental argument for the existence of God|Transcendental]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
  | group2 = Against&lt;br /&gt;
  | list2  = &lt;br /&gt;
* [[Ultimate Boeing 747 gambit|747 gambit]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Atheist&amp;#039;s Wager]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Problem of evil|Evil]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Argument from free will|Free will]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Problem of Hell|Hell]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Argument from inconsistent revelations|Inconsistent revelations]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Argument from nonbelief|Nonbelief]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Theological noncognitivism|Noncognitivism]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Occam&amp;#039;s razor]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Omnipotence paradox|Omnipotence]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Argument from poor design|Poor design]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Russell&amp;#039;s teapot]]&lt;br /&gt;
  }}&lt;br /&gt;
 }}&lt;br /&gt;
| group4 = {{longitem|[[:Category:Philosophers of religion|Philosophers&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;of religion]]}}&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;(by date active)&lt;br /&gt;
| list4  = &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;section begin=Philosophers of religion /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
  {{Navbox|child&lt;br /&gt;
  | listclass  = hlist&lt;br /&gt;
  | groupstyle = font-weight:normal;text-align:center;&lt;br /&gt;
  | groupwidth = 4em&lt;br /&gt;
  | group1 = [[Ancient philosophy|Ancient]] and&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;[[Medieval philosophy|medieval]]&lt;br /&gt;
  | list1  = &lt;br /&gt;
* [[Anselm of Canterbury]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Augustine of Hippo]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Avicenna]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Averroes]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Boethius]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Gaudapada]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Gaunilo of Marmoutiers]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Giovanni Pico della Mirandola|Pico della Mirandola]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Heraclitus]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[James VI and I|King James VI and I]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Marcion of Sinope]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Maimonides]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Adi Shankara]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Thomas Aquinas]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[William of Ockham]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
  | group2 = [[Early modern philosophy|Early modern]]&lt;br /&gt;
  | list2  = &lt;br /&gt;
* [[Antoine Augustin Calmet|Augustin Calmet]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[René Descartes]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Blaise Pascal]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Erasmus|Desiderius Erasmus]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Baruch Spinoza]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Nicolas Malebranche]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz|Gottfried W Leibniz]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[William Wollaston]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Thomas Chubb]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[David Hume]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Baron d&amp;#039;Holbach]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Immanuel Kant]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Johann Gottfried Herder|Johann G Herder]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;!--&lt;br /&gt;
@@@@-------------------SzM&lt;br /&gt;
@  From 1800 onwards the list gets crowded. Hence I strictly adhere to the time-of-FLOURISH of the philosophers.&lt;br /&gt;
@  I refer to the bibliography of particular philosophers for this purpose.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
@  After a while... I realize I&amp;#039;m not quite that professional (in this field) enough to sort out the time-of-flourish...&lt;br /&gt;
@  So, I revert back to year-of-BIRTH, while bearing a general estimation of &amp;quot;flourish at 40 yrs old&amp;quot; in mind.&lt;br /&gt;
@@@@-------------------SzM&lt;br /&gt;
--&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
  | group3 = 18th and 19th&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;centuries&lt;br /&gt;
  | list3  = &amp;lt;!--b. 1760--&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Friedrich Schleiermacher]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Karl Christian Friedrich Krause|Karl C F Krause]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel|Georg W F Hegel]]&amp;lt;!--b. 1800--&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Thomas Carlyle]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[William Whewell]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Ludwig Feuerbach]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Søren Kierkegaard]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Karl Marx]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Albrecht Ritschl]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Afrikan Spir]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[John Henry Newman]]&amp;lt;!--b. 1830--&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Ernst Haeckel]]&amp;lt;!--first 20th-century person--&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
* [[William Kingdon Clifford|W K Clifford]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Friedrich Nietzsche]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Harald Høffding]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[William James]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Vladimir Solovyov (philosopher)|Vladimir Solovyov]]&amp;lt;!--b. 1860--&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Ernst Troeltsch]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Rudolf Otto]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Lev Shestov]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Sergei Bulgakov]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Pavel Florensky]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Ernst Cassirer]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Joseph Maréchal]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Meher Baba]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;!--NOTE for the section: whether these few people belong to late modern or contemporary is cut by whether they outlived WWII; so I actually bend the birthdate-rule for ~10 yrs.--&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
  | group5 = [[Contemporary philosophy|Contemporary]]&lt;br /&gt;
  | list5  = &lt;br /&gt;
* [[George Santayana]]&amp;lt;!--although old, he has a &amp;quot;contemporary style&amp;quot;; moreover, he&amp;#039;s in the U.S., therefore I separate him from the &amp;quot;Europeans&amp;quot;.--&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Bertrand Russell]]&amp;lt;!--first post-war person--&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Martin Buber]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[René Guénon]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Paul Tillich]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Karl Barth]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Emil Brunner]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Rudolf Bultmann]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Gabriel Marcel]]&amp;lt;!--b. 1890--&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Reinhold Niebuhr]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Charles Hartshorne]]&amp;lt;!--first 1990+ person--&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Mircea Eliade]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Frithjof Schuon]]&amp;lt;!--b. 1910--&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
* [[J. L. Mackie|J L Mackie]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Walter Kaufmann (philosopher)|Walter Kaufmann]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Martin Lings]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Peter Geach]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[George I. Mavrodes|George I Mavrodes]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[William Alston]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Antony Flew]]&amp;lt;!--b. 1930--&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
* [[William L. Rowe|William L Rowe]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Dewi Zephaniah Phillips|Dewi Z Phillips]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Alvin Plantinga]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Anthony Kenny]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Nicholas Wolterstorff]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Richard Swinburne]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Robert Merrihew Adams]]&amp;lt;!--b. 1940--&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Ravi Zacharias]]&amp;lt;!--b. 1950--&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Peter van Inwagen]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Daniel Dennett]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Loyal Rue]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Jean-Luc Marion]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[William Lane Craig]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Ali Akbar Rashad]]&amp;lt;!--b. 1970+--&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Alexander Pruss]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
  }}&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;section end=Philosophers of religion /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| group9 = Related topics&lt;br /&gt;
| list9  = &lt;br /&gt;
* [[Criticism of religion]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Desacralization of knowledge]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Ethics in religion]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Exegesis]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Faith and rationality]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[History of religion]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Problem of religious language]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Religious philosophy]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Relationship between religion and science]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
| below = &lt;br /&gt;
* {{icon|portal}} [[Portal:Philosophy|Philosophy portal]]&lt;br /&gt;
* {{icon|portal}} [[Portal:Religion|Religion portal]]&lt;br /&gt;
* {{icon|CAT}} [[:Category:Philosophy of religion|Category]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
}}&amp;lt;noinclude&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
{{Documentation}}&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/noinclude&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>wikipedia&gt;WeyerStudentOfAgrippa</name></author>
	</entry>
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