___ U.S. ___

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Description

This template is used in footnotes to cite the United States Reports, which are the official record of the rulings, orders, case tables, and other proceedings of the Supreme Court of the United States. This template can be used to generate the name of a case and its citation and date or year, together with an optional hyperlink which, if clicked, will lead the reader to the an external website with the full text of the case. For some websites, the template can be linked to create pinpoint citations, that is, a link to a specific page within a case. For older cases (before reporting was standardized to the United States Reports in 1875), references to nominative reporters may be added; and new cases that have yet to appear in the United States Report may be referenced using their docket numbers.

As external links should be avoided in the main bodies of articles (see WP:ELPOINTS), use <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline style="display: none;" />|el=no to create a citation to the United States Report that does not have an external link, for example, in the lead section of an article about a US Supreme Court judgment.

Usage

Use in running prose

{{ussc|volume|page|year|el=no}}

Long form citations

{{ussc|name=|link=|volume=|page=|pin=|date=}}

or

{{ussc|name=|link=|volume|page<syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline style="display: none;" />|pin=pinpoint|year}}

Short form citation

{{ussc|name=|link=|short=yes|page=}}

or

{{ussc|name=|link=|short=yes|slip=}}

Older cases reported by nominative reporters

{{ussc|name=|link=|volume=|page=|pin=|date=|reporter=|reporter-volume=}}

or

{{ussc|name=|link=|volume|page<syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline style="display: none;" />|pin=pinpoint|year|reporter|reporter-volume}}

New cases not yet reported in the United States Reports

{{ussc|name=|link=|volume=|date=|docket=xx-xxx|slip=}}

or

{{ussc|name=|link=<syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline style="display: none;" />|1=volume<syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline style="display: none;" />|3=year<syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline style="display: none;" />|docket=xx-xxx|slip=}}

All available parameters

{{ussc|name=|link=|source=|casename=|docket=xx-xxx|volume=|page=|pin=|date=|reporter=|reporter-volume=|periods=no|slip=|dissent=|dissent-type=|concurrence=|concurrence-type=|short=|el=yes}}

or

{{ussc|name=|link=|source=|casename=<syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline style="display: none;" />|docket=xx-xxx|volume|page<syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline style="display: none;" />|pin=pinpoint|year|reporter|reporter-volume|periods=no|slip=|dissenter=|dissent-type=|concurrence=|concurrence-type=|el=yes}}

Mandatory parameters

The <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline style="display: none;" />|volume=, <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline style="display: none;" />|page= and <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline style="display: none;" />|year= parameters are mandatory. If you do not wish to use the parameter names, then you must ensure that the values of these parameters appear in the template as the first, second and third parameters that do not have parameter names.

volume

The first number of a given case citation, which is the volume of the United States Reports in which the case is found.

page

The second number within the citation, which is the page in the volume on which the case syllabus begins.

year

The year in which the decision in the case was issued.

Optional parameters

<syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline style="display

none;" />|name= and <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline style="display: none;" />|link=

The <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline style="display: none;" />|name= parameter is used to indicate the case name, and <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline style="display: none;" />|link= the name of a Wikipedia article about the case. If <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline style="display: none;" />|link= is specified, then the case name is linked to the Wikipedia article. If it is not specified, the template checks to see if there is a Wikipedia article with the same name as the case name specified using <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline style="display: none;" />|name=. If there is one, a link to the Wikipedia article will be created automatically.

Example: {{ussc|name=Roe v. Wade|410|113|1973}}.

Result: Roe v. Wade, 410 U.S. 113 (1973).

Alternatively, you can type the case name before the template instead of placing it within the template, like this:

Example: ''[[Doe v. Bolton]]'', {{ussc|volume=410|page=179|date=1973}}.

Result: Doe v. Bolton, 410 U.S. 179 (1973).

<syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline style="display

none;" />|source=

If you do not select a source, the template creates a link to the Justia website. To select an alternative source, type one of the following:

• <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline style="display: none;" />|source=f – FindLaw.
• <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline style="display: none;" />|source=o – OpenJurist.
• <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline style="display: none;" />|source=w – Wikisource.

If you have selected Wikisource as the source to link to, you must also use <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline style="display: none;" />|casename= to indicate the name of the case as it appears on Wikisource.

Examples

Default (Justia)
{{ussc|name=Marbury v. Madison|volume=5 |page=137|date=1803|reporter=Cranch |reporter-volume=1}}	Marbury v. Madison, 5 U.S. (1 Cranch) 137 (1803)
{{ussc|name=Roe v. Wade|410|113|1973}}	Roe v. Wade, 410 U.S. 113 (1973)
FindLaw
{{ussc|name=Marbury v. Madison|source=f |volume=5|page=137|date=1803 |reporter=Cranch|reporter-volume=1}}	Marbury v. Madison, 5 U.S. (1 Cranch) 137 (1803)
{{ussc|name=Roe v. Wade|source=f |410|113|1973}}	Roe v. Wade, 410 U.S. 113 (1973)
OpenJurist
{{ussc|name=Marbury v. Madison|source=o |volume=5|page=137|date=1803 |reporter=Cranch|reporter-volume=1}}	Marbury v. Madison, 5 U.S. (1 Cranch) 137 (1803)
{{ussc|name=Roe v. Wade|source=o |410|113|1973}}	Roe v. Wade, 410 U.S. 113 (1973)
Wikisource
{{ussc|name=Marbury v. Madison|source=w |casename=Marbury v. Madison|volume=5 |page=137|date=1803|reporter=Cranch |reporter-volume=1}}	Marbury v. Madison, 5 U.S. (1 Cranch) 137 (1803)
{{ussc|name=Marbury v. Madison|source=w |casename=Marbury v. Madison|5|137|1803}}	Marbury v. Madison, 5 U.S. 137 (1803)

<syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline style="display

none;" />|reporter= and <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline style="display: none;" />|reporter-volume=

The <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline style="display: none;" />|reporter= parameter is used to state the nominative reporter that published the Supreme Court's opinion being cited. When the United States Reports commenced, reports by the nominative reporters were reprinted in sequential volumes as part of the series; thus, the actual first volume of the United States Reports was Volume 91. <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline style="display: none;" />|reporter= must be used together with <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline style="display: none;" />|reporter-volume=, which is the number of the volume in which the case appeared. If you do not wish to use the parameter names, then you must ensure that the values of these parameters appear as the fourth and fifth parameters without parameter names in the template.

Example: {{ussc|name=Marbury v. Madison|5|103|pin=104|1803|Cranch|1}}.

Result: Marbury v. Madison, 5 U.S. (1 Cranch) 103, 104 (1803).

<syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline style="display

none;" />|pin=

Use this parameter to provide a pinpoint citation, that is, the exact page of a case on which the text cited may be found.

Example: {{ussc|name=Youngstown Sheet and Tube Company v. Sawyer|link=Youngstown Sheet & Tube Co. v. Sawyer|source=f|volume=343|page=579|pin=635|date=1952}}, (Jackson J., concurring).

Result: Youngstown Sheet and Tube Company v. Sawyer, 343 U.S. 579, 635 (1952), (Jackson J., concurring).

<syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline style="display

none;" />|docket=xx-xxx

Use this parameter to cite by its docket number a new case which has not yet been assigned a volume and/or first page number in the United States Reports. By default, the template links to Justia; use <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline style="display: none;" />|source=f to create a link to FindLaw instead. It is customary to indicate either the date or year of the case, which you can do using <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline style="display: none;" />|date= or <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline style="display: none;" />|year=. If you do not wish to use these parameter names, then you must ensure that the date or year value is typed like this: "<syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline style="display: none;" />|3=date".

Example: {{ussc|name=Burwell v. Hobby Lobby Stores, Inc.|link=Burwell v. Hobby Lobby|docket=13-354|volume=573|date=June 30, 2014}}.

Result: Burwell v. Hobby Lobby Stores, Inc., No. 13-354, 573 U.S. ___ (June 30, 2014).

Example: {{ussc|name=Burwell v. Hobby Lobby Stores, Inc.|link=Burwell v. Hobby Lobby|source=f|docket=13-354|573|3=June 30, 2014}}.

Result: Burwell v. Hobby Lobby Stores, Inc., No. 13-354, 573 U.S. ___ (June 30, 2014).

<syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline style="display

none;" />|periods=no

Use this parameter to cause the abbreviation for the United States Reports to be displayed as "US" rather than "U.S.".

Example: {{ussc|name=Illinois v. Caballes|source=o|543|405|2005|periods=no}}

Result: Illinois v. Caballes, 543 US 405 (2005)

<syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline style="display

none;" />|slip=

Use this parameter to cite to a page of a slip opinion that has not yet been published in bound reports.

Example: {{ussc|name=Burwell v. Hobby Lobby Stores, Inc.|link=Burwell v. Hobby Lobby|source=j|docket=13-354|volume=573|date=June 30, 2014|slip=4}}

Result: Burwell v. Hobby Lobby Stores, Inc., No. 13-354, 573 U.S. ___, slip op. at 4 (June 30, 2014)

<syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline style="display

none;" />|dissent= and <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline style="display: none;" />|concurrence=

Use this parameter to indicate the justice whose dissent or concurrance you are referencing. The last name of the justice should go first, followed by C.J. for the chief justice or J. for associate justices.

Example: {{ussc|name=Burwell v. Hobby Lobby Stores, Inc.|link=Burwell v. Hobby Lobby|source=j|docket=13-354|volume=573|date=June 30, 2014|slip=4|dissent=Ginsburg, J.}}

Result: Burwell v. Hobby Lobby Stores, Inc., No. 13-354, 573 U.S. ___, slip op. at 4 (June 30, 2014) (Ginsburg, J., dissenting)

<syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline style="display

none;" />|dissent-type=dissenting and <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline style="display: none;" />|concurrence-type=concurring

This parameter is used to indicate the type of dissent such as "dissenting in part" and "concurring in judgement". It defaults to "dissenting" and "concurring" respectively.

Example: {{ussc|name=Baze v. Rees|source=j|volume=553|page=35|date=2008|slip=4|concurrence=Scalia, J.|concurrence-type=concurring in judgement}}

Result: Baze v. Rees, 553 U.S. 35, slip op. at 4 (2008) (Scalia, J., concurring in judgement)

<syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline style="display

none;" />|short=no

By default, the template creates a long-form citation. Once a case has been referenced properly in the long form, then short-form citations may be used in all subsequent references to that case. To do so, simply add |short=yes to the citation. At a minimum, short citations require <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline style="display: none;" />|name= and page number, using either <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline style="display: none;" />|pin= or <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline style="display: none;" />|slip=. Typically, the <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline style="display: none;" />|volume= should also be provided, if known. The common practice with short citations is to also shorten the <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline style="display: none;" />|name= of the case, so as to reference only one of the parties (or even just portion of their name) – as long as the connection back to the original citation is logical, consistent, and clear. To wit:

Example: {{ussc|name=Youngstown Sheet|link=Youngstown Sheet & Tube Co. v. Sawyer|volume=343|pin=635|short=yes}}.

Result: Youngstown Sheet, 343 U.S. at 635.

Or:

Example: {{ussc|name=Hobby Lobby|link=Burwell v. Hobby Lobby|docket=13-354|volume=573|date=June 30, 2014|short=yes|slip=3}}.

Result: Hobby Lobby, 573 U.S. slip op. at 3.

The other parameters are either optional or have no effect in a short cite. The minimal code for a short citation can thus be reduced to three parameters:

Example: {{ussc|name=Hobby Lobby|short=yes|slip=3}}.

Result: Hobby Lobby, slip op. at 3.

The optional parameters that will effect the output of a short citation are: <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline style="display: none;" />|link=, <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline style="display: none;" />|dissent=, <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline style="display: none;" />|concurrence=, <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline style="display: none;" />|dissent-type=, and <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline style="display: none;" />|concurrence-type=.

Example: {{ussc|name=Hobby Lobby|link=Burwell v. Hobby Lobby|short=yes|slip=4|dissent=Ginsburg, J.}}.

Result: Hobby Lobby, slip op. at 4 (Ginsburg, J., dissenting).

<syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline style="display

none;" />|el=no

By default the template creates an external link to the decision text. External links, while allowed in citations, are advised against in prose (see WP:ELPOINTS). If the template is being used in running prose, setting <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline style="display: none;" />|el=no prevents the template from making external links.

Example: ''[[Doe v. Bolton]]'', {{ussc|volume=410|page=179|date=1973|el=yes}}.

Result: Doe v. Bolton, 410 U.S. 179 (1973).

Example: ''[[Doe v. Bolton]]'', {{ussc|volume=410|page=179|date=1973|el=no}}.

Result: Doe v. Bolton, 410 U.S. 179 (1973).

Tracking categories

• Category:Pages using ussc short form citations without volume (2)

TemplateData

This is the TemplateData for this template used by TemplateWizard, VisualEditor and other tools. See a monthly parameter usage report for Template:Ussc in articles based on its TemplateData.

TemplateData for Ussc

<templatedata>

{ "description": { "en": "Cites a US Supreme Court case.", "gpe": "Cites a US Supreme Court case." }, "params": { "volume": { "label": "Volume", "description": "The first number of a given case citation, which is the volume of the United States Reports in which the case is found.", "required": true, "type": "number", "example": "410", "aliases": [ "1" ] }, "page": { "label": "Page", "description": "The second number within the citation, which is the page in the volume on which the case syllabus begins.", "required": true, "type": "number", "example": "113", "aliases": [ "2" ] }, "date": { "label": "Date", "description": "The date (typically just year) of the issuance of the decision in the case.", "required": true, "type": "string", "example": "1973", "aliases": [ "3", "year" ] }, "name": { "label": "Case name", "description": "Name of the case (autolinked if page exists)", "example": "Roe v. Wade", "type": "line" }, "link": { "label": "Wikipedia link", "description": "Article about the case", "type": "wiki-page-name" }, "el": { "label": "External link", "description": "Create an external link", "default": "yes", "type": "line" }, "source": { "label": "External link source", "description": "f for FindLaw, o for OpenJurist, or w for Wikisource", "type": "line" }, "reporter": { "label": "Nominative reporter", "example": "Cranch", "type": "line" }, "reporter-volume": { "label": "Nominative reporter volume", "type": "number" }, "pin": { "label": "Pinpoint", "description": "Exact page cited text may be found", "type": "number" }, "docket": { "label": "Docket number", "description": "Docket number of cases not yet published in United States Reports", "type": "line", "example": "13-354" }, "periods": { "label": "Periods", "description": "Use periods in abbreviation of United States", "default": "yes", "type": "line" }, "slip": { "label": "Slip opinion pinpoint", "description": "Page citation of unpublished slip opinion", "type": "number" }, "dissent": { "label": "Dissenting judge", "description": "Indicate justice whose dissent is referenced", "type": "line", "example": "Ginsburg, J." }, "dissent-type": { "label": "Dissent type", "type": "line", "default": "dissenting", "example": "dissenting in part" }, "concurrence": { "label": "Concurring judge", "description": "Indicate justice whose concurrence is referenced", "type": "line", "example": "Ginsburg, J." }, "concurrence-type": { "label": "Concurrence type", "type": "line", "default": "concurring", "example": "concurring in judgement" }, "short": { "label": "Short form citation", "type": "line", "default": "no", "example": "yes" } } }</templatedata>

See also

• {{Bluebook website}}
• {{Bluebook journal}}

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